GB/T 1971-2021 in English

ChinaStandards.net is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.

This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.

This standard replaces GB/T 1971-2006 Rotating electrical machines - Terminal markings and direction of rotation. In addition to structural adjustment and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 1971-2006:

a) The primary windings of synchronous machines are added (see 6.5.1);

b) The field winding of synchronous machines is added (see 6.5.2);

c) The permanent magnet synchronous machines are added (see 6.5.3);

d) The Figures 16 and 24 are modified in that the symbol X is replaced by A (see Figures 16 and 24; Figures 16 and 24 of Edition 2006);

e) The Figure A.11 "Variable-torque, dual-voltage (1:√3), nine terminals" is added in Annex (see Annex A);

f) The shunt excitation winding terminal marking in Figures A.22 and A.23 is modified from F to E (see Annex A; Annex A of Edition 2006).

This document is identical to IEC 60034-8: 2014 Rotating electrical machines - Part 8: Terminal markings and direction of rotation.

The Chinese documents consistent and corresponding with the normative international document in this document are as follows:

——GB/T 755-2019 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance (IEC 60034-1: 2017, IDT);

——GB/T 4026-2019 Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors (IEC 60445: 2017, IDT);

——GB/T 5465.1-2009 Graphical symbols for use on electrical equipment - Part 1: Overview and classification (IEC 60417 Database: 2007-01, MOD).
The following editorial changes have been made in this document:

——In order to be consistent with China's technical standard system, the standard name is changed to Rotating electrical machines - Terminal markings and direction of rotation.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.

This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 26 National Technical Committee on Electric Rotating Machinery of Standardization Administration of China.

The previous editions of this document as well as the documents it replaces are as follows:

——It was first issued as GB 1971-1980 in 1980, and first revised in 2006;

——This is the second revision.




Rotating electrical machines - Terminal markings and direction of rotation

1 Scope

This document applies to a.c. and d.c. machines and specifies

a) rules for the identification of winding connection points;

b) marking of winding terminals;

c) direction of rotation;

d) relationship between terminal markings and direction of rotation;

e) terminal marking of auxiliary devices;

f) connection diagrams of machines for common applications.

Turbine-type synchronous machines are excluded from this document.

2 Normative references

The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IEC 60034-1 Rotating electrical machines - Part1: Rating and performance
IEC 60417-1 Graphical symbols for use on equipment - Part1: Overview and application
IEC 60445 Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals and conductor terminations

 
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60034-1 and the following apply.

3.1
terminal marking

permanent identification of the external termination of winding leads or auxiliary leads at the disposal of the user for connection of the machine to the supply or apparatus that indicates the function of the termination

3.2
connecting points

all current transfer points that are used to permanently interconnect winding or winding element ends internally

3.3
tapping points

connections to a portion of a winding

3.4
winding leads

insulated conductors that make the electrical connection between a winding and its termination

3.5
winding

assembly of turns or coils having a defined function in an electrical rotating machine

[Source: GB/T 2900.25-2008, 411-37-01]

3.6
winding phase

one or more winding elements associated with a particular phase

 
3.7
winding element

part of a winding, all the turns or coils in that part being permanently connected together

3.8
separate windings

two or more windings, each having a separate function, and not interconnected, used only separately, whether fully or in part

3.9
multi-speed motor

motor, which can be operated at any one of two or more definite speeds

3.10
constant power

when a multi-speed motor provides approximately constant power over the speed range

3.11
constant torque

when a multi-speed motor provides approximately constant torque over the speed range

3.12
variable torque

when output torque of a multi-speed motor is proportional to approximately the square of the speeds

3.13
phase sequence

order in which the voltages successively reach their maximum positive values between supply conductors

 
3.14
D-end

that end of the machine which accommodates the shaft end

[Source: GB/T 2900.25-2008, 411-43-36]

Note: For machines having two shaft ends, the D-end is the end

a) having the larger diameter;

b) opposite the external fan when the shaft ends are of the same diameter.

4 Symbols

4.1 General

L: Supply conductor

PE: Protective earthing terminal

: User available terminal, marking mandatory

: Internal connection point

(‥ ‥): Internal terminal marking, optional

[‥ ‥, ‥ ‥]: Grouping of user joined terminals

;: Separation of terminals or groups of terminals

4.2 DC and single-phase commutator machines

A: Armature winding

B: Commutating winding

C: Compensating winding

D: Series excitation winding

E: Shunt excitation winding

F: Separately excited winding

H: Direct-axis auxiliary winding

J: Quadrature-axis auxiliary winding

4.3 AC machines without commutator

F: DC excitation winding

K: Secondary winding

L: Secondary winding

M: Secondary winding

N: Star point (neutral conductor) of the primary winding

Q: Star point (neutral conductor) of a secondary winding

U: Primary winding

V: Primary winding

W: Primary winding

Z: Auxiliary windings

Note: The primary and secondary symbol allocations are irrespective of whether the primary winding is located in the stator or rotor.

4.4 Auxiliary devices

BA: AC brakes

BD: DC brakes

BW: Brush-wear detector

CA: Capacitors

CT: Current transformer

HE: Heaters

LA: Lightning arrestor

PT: Potential transformer

R: Resistance thermometers

SC: Surge capacitor

SP: Surge protectors

S: Switches including plugging switches

TB: Thermostats opening on increase of temperature

TC: Thermocouples

TM: Thermostats closing on increase of temperature

TN: Thermistors, negative temperature coefficient

TP: Thermistors, positive temperature coefficient

Note: This table standardizes the most commonly used auxiliary devices. The designation of other devices may be chosen by the manufacturer.

5 Direction of rotation

The direction of rotation shall be that of the shaft observed when facing the D-end.

Machines with terminal markings according to this standard shall have a clockwise direction of rotation.

For other configurations, including unidirectional machines, an arrow located on the enclosure shall show the direction of rotation.

Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols
5 Direction of rotation
6 Rules for terminal markings
7 Auxiliary terminal marking rules
Annex A (Normative) Connection diagrams for common applications
Bibliography
Figure 1 Single three-phase winding, three elements, open connection, six terminals
Figure 2 Single three-phase winding, delta connection, three terminals
Figure 3 Single three-phase winding, internal star connection with neutral conductor, four terminals
Figure 4 Single three-phase winding, two elements per phase, open connection, twelve terminals
Figure 5 Single three-phase winding, four elements per phase, open connection, twenty-four terminals
Figure 6 Single three-phase winding, two elements per phase with four tapping points per element, open connection, thirty-six terminals
Figure 7 Two separate three-phase windings with two independent functions, two elements per phase, open connection, twenty-four terminals
Figure 8 Two elements, internal connection, three terminals
Figure 9 Single three-phase winding, star connection, duplicate terminals for alternate connection, six terminals
Figure 10 Single three-phase winding, star connection, parallel terminals for shared current, six terminals
Figure 11 Three-phase wound-rotor, star connections with neutral conductors, eight terminals
Figure 12 Main and auxiliary winding, two elements
Figure 13 Single-phase auxiliary winding, integrally connected capacitor, one element
Figure 14 Single-phase main winding, integrally connected thermal protector, one element
Figure 15 Six-phase winding, open connection, six elements
Figure 16 Armature winding, one element
Figure 17 Commutating winding, one and two elements
Figure 18 Compensating winding, one and two elements
Figure 19 Series winding, one element, two tappings
Figure 20 Shunt excitation winding, one element
Figure 21 Separately excited excitation winding, one and two elements
Figure 22 Direct-axis auxiliary winding, one element
Figure 23 Quadrature-axis auxiliary winding, one element
Figure 24 Armature winding with commutating and compensating windings, one element
Figure 25 Single-phase, single voltage
Figure 26 Single-phase dual voltage
Figure 27 Three-phase, single voltage
Figure 28 Three-phase dual voltage
Figure 29 Two-lead devices (except type R)
Figure 30 Two-lead devices of type R
Figure 31 Three-lead devices of type R
Figure 32 Four-lead devices of type R
Figure 33 Switch connections
Figure A.1 Delta connection
Figure A.2 Star connection - with or without neutral
Figure A.3 Dual voltage, six terminals ( )
Figure A.4 Star-connected, dual voltage, nine terminals (1:2)
Figure A.5 Delta-connected, dual voltage, nine terminals (1:2)
Figure A.6 Star-delta, single voltage, six terminals
Figure A.7 Star-delta, dual voltage, twelve terminals (1:2)
Figure A.8 Part-winding, single voltage, six terminals
Figure A.9 Part-winding, dual voltage, nine terminals (1:2)
Figure A.10 Variable-torque, six terminals
Figure A.11 Variable-torque, dual-voltage ( ), nine terminals
Figure A.12 Constant-torque, six terminals
Figure A.13 Constant power, six terminals
Figure A.14 Variable-torque, six terminals
Figure A.15 Constant-torque, seven terminals
Figure A.16 Constant-power, seven terminals
Figure A.17 Example of three-speed, constant torque motor using two separate windings, ten terminals
Figure A.18 Example of three-speed motor using three separate windings, ten terminals
Figure A.19 Example of four-speed, variable-torque motor using two separate windings, twelve terminals
Figure A.20 Split-phase or capacitor-start reversible motor
Figure A.21 Reversible capacitor-start motor with four terminals with externally connected capacitor
Figure A.22 Shunt motor or generator, four terminals
Figure A.23 Shunt motor or compound generator with compensating and commutating windings, six terminals
Figure A.24 Series-wound motor, two terminals