GB/T 37665-2019 in English

Background and Significance of Standard Formulation

GB/T 37665-2019 "Technical Specifications for PIXE Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Ancient Ceramics" was drafted by Fudan University to provide a scientific basis for the non-destructive testing of chemical elements in ancient ceramics. This standard is based on proton-induced X-ray fluorescence (PIXE) analysis technology and is suitable for the protection and research of precious cultural relics.

Technical Principles

PIXE (Proton Induced X-ray Emission) technology uses a proton beam generated by an accelerator to bombard the sample, stimulating the elements to be tested to emit characteristic X-rays. By detecting the energy and intensity of these X-rays, the type and content of chemical elements in the sample can be determined.

Equipment Requirements

Sample Processing Procedure

Before PIXE testing, the sample surface needs to be cleaned and processed to ensure the test accuracy. The specific steps include:

• Wipe the sample surface with anhydrous ethanol and absorbent cotton
• For the exposed parts, use sandpaper to lightly grind and then rinse with anhydrous ethanol
• If necessary, use an organic film as a mask to avoid interfering elements affecting the test results

Measurement and Analysis

The PIXE analysis system uses GUPIX software for energy spectrum processing and spectrum interpretation. Table 1 shows the range of proton beams of different energies in white glaze, and Table 2 lists the data on the depth of occurrence of characteristic X-rays of different elements.

Implementation Suggestions

In practical applications, the following steps are recommended to ensure the detection effect:

1. Select appropriate proton beam energy and beam current according to sample characteristics
2. Calibrate the instrument using standard samples regularly to ensure the accuracy of the measurement system
3. Record complete sample information and attach clear sample photos
4. Ensure that the test report contains all necessary signatures and stamps of relevant departments