JGJ 8-2007 in English

1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with the view to go through with the national policies during deformation measurement of building and structure, to maintain the state-of-art technology, safety and usability, safety and usability, as well as to guarantee quality.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the settlement measurement, displacement measurement and special deformation measurement of subgrade, foundation, superstructure and field of industrial and civil buildings.
1.0.3 Deformation measurement of building and structure shall be able to exactly reflect the extent or trend of deformation of the building subgrade, foundation, superstructure and field under effect of static load or dynamic load and environment.
1.0.4 Instrument and equipment used for the deformation measurement of building and structure must be verified and qualified. Verification, inspection and maintenance of instrument and equipment shall comply with related national standards.
1.0.5 Besides the methods specified in this code, other methods meeting the technology quality requirements also may be adopted.
1.0.6 Not only this code but also the related national standards shall be complied with for the deformation measurement of building and structure.
2 Terms, Symbols and Code Name
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Deformation of building and structure
It is referred to shape or position changes of subgrade, foundation, superstructure and field of building and structure under all kinds of acting forces.
2.1.2 Deformation measurement of building and structure
It is referred to the measurement on shape or position changes of subgrade, foundation, superstructure and the field of building and structure under all kinds of acting forces, and also treatment and analyses works on the results.
2.1.3 Foundation soils, subgrade
It is referred to soil body or rock body bearing the foundation.
2.1.4 Foundation
It refers to a part of structure, which transfers all kinds of acting forces bear by structure to the subgrade.
2.1.5 Foundation pit
It is referred to the room below the ground, which is excavated for construction of building foundation and basement.
2.1.6 Rebound of foundation pit
It is referred to the phenomena of soil at pit bottom upswelling owing to unloading the soil self-weight during pit excavation.
2.1.7 Settlement, subsidence
It is referred to the vertical movement of building subgrade, foundation and ground under the load action, such as sinking and rising. That sinking or rising amount is named as settlement volume.
2.1.8 Differential settlement
The difference of settlement volumes of the same building in the same period but different sections is named as differential settlement.
2.1.9 Adjacent subgrade subsidence
It is referred to additional subsidence owing to the redistribution of stress on adjacent foundation soil, which is caused by load difference between the adjacent buildings.
2.1.10 Field ground subsidence

1 General Provisions
2 Terms, Symbols and Code Name
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
2.3 Code Name
3 Basic Requirements
4 Deformation control measurement
4.1 General provisions
4.2 Distribution and measurement of elevation benchmark
4.3 Distribution and measurement of level benchmark
4.4 Leveling
4.5 EDM-trigonometric leveling
4.6 Level Angle Observation
4.7 Distance Observation
4.8 GPS measurement
5 Settlement Observations
5.1 General Provision
5.2 Observation of Building Field Settlement
5.3 Observation of Rebound of Foundation Pit
5.4 Stratified Settlement Observation of Foundation Soil
5.5 Settlement Observation of Building or Structure
6 Displacement Observation
6.1 General Provisions
6.2 Declivity Observation of Building and Structure Main Body
6.3 Horizontal Displacement Observation of Building or Structure
6.4 Lateral Displacement Observation of Foundation Pit Wall
6.5 Landslide Observation of Building Field Landslide
6.6 Deflection Observation
7 Special Deformation Observations
7.1 Dynamic Deformation Measurement
7.2 Sunshine deformation observation
7.3 Wind vibration observation
7.4 Fracture observation
8 Data Processing an Analyzing
8.1 Compensating Computation
8.2 Deformation Geometrical Analysis
8.3 Deformation Modeling and Prediction
9 Outcome Interpretation and Quality Inspection & Acceptance
9.1 Interpretation of Outcome
9.2 Quality Inspection & Acceptance
Annex A: Monument and Mark for Elevation Control Point
Annex B: Horizontal Displacement Observation Post and Gravity Balancing Ball Mark
Annex C: Trigonometrical Leveling Exclusive Target and Fittings
Annex D: Marks for Settlement Observation Points
Annex E: Outcome Diagram of Settlement Observation
Annex F: Outcome Diagram of Displacement and Special Deformation Observation
Wording Explanation