Particulate matter detection standard comparison table

Particulate matter detection standard comparison table, Total:197 items.

The international standard classification for "Particulate matter detection standard comparison table" includes: Vibrations, shock and vibration measurements , Ambient atmospheres , Geology. Meteorology. Hydrology , Air quality in general .

The Chinese standard classification for "Particulate matter detection standard comparison table" includes: Mechanics Measurement , Environmental sanitation , Meteorology , Analysis methods for toxic substances in atmosphere .

Group Standards of the People's Republic of China

T/HEBQIA 207-2023 Mineral particles - Technical specifications for ultraviolet blocking performance testing
T/CSP 14-2024 Particulate technology—Guide for interlaboratory comparison— Particle size detection using dynamic light scattering analyzer
T/BSPT 7-2024 Particulate technology—Guide for interlaboratory comparison— Particle size detection using dynamic light scattering analyzer
T/SAEPI 003-2019 Commercial Indoor Particles Concentration Detection System
T/CSP 16-2024 Particulate technology—Guide for interlaboratory comparison — Specific surface area of solids(BET) using gas physical adsorption analyzer
T/QGCML 3131-2024 Portable atmospheric particulate matter intelligent detection analyzer
T/BSPT 8-2024 Particulate technology—Guide for interlaboratory comparison— Particle size detection using laser particle size analyzer
T/GXDSL 022-2025 Testing Standards for Slightly Soluble Water-Based Plastic Particles
T/CSP 15-2024 Particulate technology—Guide for interlaboratory comparison— Particle size detection using laser particle size analyzer
T/SDAS 447-2022 Detection method of main parameters of mask particle filtration efficiency detector
T/BSPT 9-2024 Particulate technology—Guide for interlaboratory comparison —Specific surface area of solids(BET) using gas physical adsorption analyzer

Hebei Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

DB13/ 1578-2012 Emission Standards for Particulate Matter in Hot-dip Galvanizing Industry
DB13/T 5865-2023 Wafer surface particle size inspection instrument calibration method

National Metrological Technical Specifications of the People's Republic of China

JJF 2215-2025 Calibration Specification for Particle Number Monitors of Mobile Source Emission
JJF 2299-2025 Calibration specification for mask particulate matter filtration efficiency tester
JJF 1220-2009 Calibration Specification for PIND (Particle Impact Noise Detection)
JJF 2060-2023 Production of Sub-micron and Nanometer Particle Size Reference Materials

Anhui Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

DB34/ 4811-2024 Construction site particle emission standards

Professional Standard - Agriculture

310药典四部-2015 8000 Reagents and Standards 8062 Standards and References
842兽药典二部-2015 Appendix Contents 8000 Reagents and Standard Materials 8061 Reference Substances Reference Medicines Control Extracts
309药典四部-2015 8000 Reagents and standard substances 8061 Reference substances, reference medicinal materials, reference extracts
324药典四部-2020 8000 Reagents and standard substances 8061 Reference substances, reference medicinal materials, reference extracts
325药典四部-2020 8000 Reagents and Standards 8062 Standards and References

Professional Standard - Energy

SY/T 6892-2024 Method for detecting particulate matter in natural gas pipelines

Professional Standard - Aerospace

QJ/G 16-1982 Comparison table between the standards of the fastener department and the standards of the first hospital

National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China

GB/T 17095-1997 Hygienic standard for inhalable particulate matter in indoor air

Professional Standard - Meteorology

QX/T 509-2019 Specifications for GRIMM 180 particle concentration monitor calibration

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China

GB 11667-1989 Hygienic standard for inhalable particles in ambient air of residential areas

Professional Standard - Machinery

JB/T 12895-2016 Classification and detection method of pollutant particles in internal combustion engine lubricating oil

Professional Standard - Environmental Protection

HJ/T 374-2007 Technical requirement and test procedures for total suspended particulates sampler

Shandong Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

DB37/ 1996-2011 Integrated Emission Standards for Air Particulate Matter from Stationary Sources in Shandong Province

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

ASTM D4977/D4977M-03(2019) Standard Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Mineral Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion
ASTM F1877-24 Standard Practice for Characterization of Particles
ASTM D6225-98e1 Standard Test Method for Granule Cover of Mineral Surfaced Roofing
ASTM E2779-10(2017) Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Pellet Heaters
ASTM D6225/D6225M-98(2020) Standard Test Method for Granule Cover of Mineral-Surfaced Roofing
ASTM D7711-11(2015) Standard Guide for Description of Polymer Pellet Defects
ASTM D3018/D3018M-11 Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM E2779-10 Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Pellet Heaters
ASTM D4536-96 Standard Test Method for High-Volume Sampling for Solid Particulate Matter and Determination of Particulate Emissions
ASTM D225-65(1978) Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles (Organic Felt) Surfaced With Mineral Granules
ASTM D6225-98(2004) Standard Test Method for Granule Cover of Mineral Surfaced Roofing
ASTM D3018-00 Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM D3018-03 Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM D3018-03(2009) Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM D3018/D3018M-22 Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM D3018/D3018M-10 Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM F2743-11 Standard Guide for Coating Inspection and Acute Particulate Characterization of Coated Drug-Eluting Vascular Stent Systems
ASTM D6225/D6225M-98(2012)e1 Standard Test Method for Granule Cover of Mineral Surfaced Roofing
ASTM F1903-10 Standard Practice for Testing For Biological Responses to Particles In Vitro
ASTM D6225-98 Standard Test Method for Granule Cover of Mineral Surfaced Roofing
ASTM E725-96 Standard Test Method for Sampling Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM E725-96(2001) Standard Test Method for Sampling Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM E725-96(2020) Standard Test Method for Sampling Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM E725-96(2021) Standard Test Method for Sampling Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM C123/C123M-14 Standard Test Method for Lightweight Particles in Aggregate
ASTM F2743-11(2018) Standard Guide for Coating Inspection and Acute Particulate Characterization of Coated Drug-Eluting Vascular Stent Systems
ASTM D4977/D4977M-20 Standard Test Method for Granule Adhesion to Mineral-Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion
ASTM D225-03 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles (Organic Felt) Surfaced With Mineral Granules
ASTM D225-02 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles (Organic Felt) Surfaced With Mineral Granules
ASTM D3909/D3909M-14(2021) Standard Specification for Asphalt Roll Roofing (Glass Felt) Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM E2316-14(2025) Standard Test Method for Determination of Particles Resulting from the Attrition of Granular Pesticides
ASTM D225-04 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles (Organic Felt) Surfaced With Mineral Granules
ASTM D225-01 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles (Organic Felt) Surfaced With Mineral Granules
ASTM D3018/D3018M-11(2017) Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM F24-20 Standard Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
ASTM F24-09(2015) Standard Test Method for Measuring and Counting Particulate Contamination on Surfaces
ASTM E2316-14(2019)e1 Standard Test Method for Determination of Particles Resulting from the Attrition of Granular Pesticides
ASTM C1182-09(2019) Standard Test Method for Determining the Particle Size Distribution of Alumina by Centrifugal Photosedimentation
ASTM C1182-91(1995) Standard Test Method for Determining the Particle Size Distribution of Alumina by Centrifugal Photosedimentation
ASTM D7486-22 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fines and Dust Particles on Plastic Pellets by Wet Analysis
ASTM C1182-09(2014) Standard Test Method for Determining the Particle Size Distribution of Alumina by Centrifugal Photosedimentation
ASTM F1904-14 Standard Practice for Testing the Biological Responses to Particles in vivo
ASTM D451-91(1996)e1 Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing For Asphalt Roofing Products
ASTM D451/D451M-17 Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing For Asphalt Roofing Products
ASTM D7711-11 Standard Guide for Description of Polymer Pellets Including Defects
ASTM D7711-23 Standard Guide for Description of Polymer Pellet Defects
ASTM D3462-76 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made From Glass Mat And Surfaced With Mineral Granules
ASTM F1904-23 Standard Guide for Testing the Biological Responses to Medical Device Particulate Debris and Degradation Products in vivo
ASTM D7711-11e1 Standard Guide for Description of Polymer Pellet Defects
ASTM F327-08(2022) Standard Practice for Sampling Gas Blow Down Systems and Components for Particulate Contamination by Automatic Particle Monitor Method
ASTM E1288-89(1994) Standard Test Method for The Durability of Biomass Pellets (Withdrawn 2003)
ASTM E1617-09(2024) Standard Practice for Reporting Particle Size Characterization Data
ASTM D3685/D3685M-13(2021) Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Determination of Particulate Matter in Stack Gases
ASTM C1408-24 Standard Test Method for Carbon (Total) in Uranium Oxide Powders and Pellets By Direct Combustion-Infrared Detection Method
ASTM E3466-25 Standard Guide for Development of Test Methods for the Counting and Sizing of Particulate Matter on the Surfaces of Single-Use Bioprocessing Equipment
ASTM D7596-14 Standard Test Method for Automatic Particle Counting and Particle Shape Classification of Oils Using a Direct Imaging Integrated Tester
ASTM E1037-15 Standard Test Method for Measuring Particle Size Distribution of RDF-5
ASTM F51-00 Standard Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particulate Contaminant In and On Clean Room Garments
ASTM E727/E727M-25 Standard Test Methods for Determining Bulk Density of Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM D3462/D3462M-16 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM RR-D28-1007 2010 D2862-Standard Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granular Activated Carbon
ASTM D7684-11(2020) Standard Guide for Microscopic Characterization of Particles from In-Service Lubricants
ASTM E727/E727M-08(2020) Standard Test Methods for Determining Bulk Density of Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM E727/E727M-08(2013)e1 Standard Test Methods for Determining Bulk Density of Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM D185-07(2023) Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
ASTM E727-02 Standard Test Methods for Determining Bulk Density of Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM D3462/D3462M-23 Standard Specification for Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM F51-00(2007) Standard Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particulate Contaminant In and On Clean Room Garments
ASTM E727-91(1998) Standard Test Methods for Determining Bulk Density of Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
ASTM F1903-18 Standard Practice for Testing for Cellular Responses to Particles in vitro
ASTM D3979-86 Test method for the determination of particulate matter in trichlorofluoromethane
ASTM D6290-98e1 Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets
ASTM E2558-13 Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Wood-Burning Fireplaces
ASTM D1739-98(2017) Standard Test Method for Collection and Measurement of Dustfall (Settleable Particulate Matter)
ASTM D7684-24 Standard Guide for Microscopic Characterization of Particles from In-Service Lubricants
ASTM D6290-19 Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets
ASTM D7684-11(2016) Standard Guide for Microscopic Characterization of Particles from In-Service Lubricants
ASTM D7650-21 Standard Practice for Sampling of Particulate Matter in High Pressure Gaseous Fuels with an In-Stream Filter
ASTM D3018/D3018M-10a Standard Specification for Class A Asphalt Shingles Surfaced with Mineral Granules
ASTM D6290-18 Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets
ASTM E3230-25 Standard Practice for Qualification of Procedures for the Extraction of Particulate Matter from the Surfaces of Single-Use Bioprocessing Equipment
ASTM E2780-10(2017) Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Wood Heaters
ASTM D4600-95(2016) Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene-Soluble Particulate Matter in Workplace Atmospheres
ASTM D6602-02 Standard Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or Both
ASTM D6602-03b Standard Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or Both
ASTM E2515-11 Standard Test Method for Determination of Particulate Matter Emissions Collected by a Dilution Tunnel
ASTM D6602-03 Standard Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or Both
ASTM D6986-03(2016) Standard Test Method for Free Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
ASTM F51/F51M-00(2014)e1 Standard Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particulate Contaminant In and On Clean Room Garments
ASTM D4600-22 Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene-Soluble Particulate Matter in Workplace Atmospheres
ASTM D1511-00e2 Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Pellet Size Distribution
ASTM C1603-04 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Solids in Water
ASTM D6290-05e1 Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets
ASTM E255-91(1997) Standard Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition
ASTM E2558-08 Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Low Mass Wood-Burning Fireplaces
ASTM E2558-13(2021) Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Wood-Burning Fireplaces
ASTM C1603-05a Standard Test Method for Measurement of Solids in Water
ASTM C1603-04e1 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Solids in Water
ASTM D6986-03(2020) Standard Test Method for Free Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
ASTM E2515-10 Standard Test Method for Determination of Particulate Matter Emissions Collected by a Dilution tunnel
ASTM D6271-10 Standard Test Method for Estimating Contribution of Environmental Tobacco Smoke to Respirable Suspended Particles Based on Solanesol
ASTM D5452-20 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
ASTM D7486-14 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fines and Dust Particles on Plastic Pellets by Wet Analysis

British Standards Institution (BSI)

BS ISO 14411-2:2020 Preparation of particulate reference materials - Polydisperse spherical particles
19/30380724 DC Preparation of particulate reference materials — Part 2: Polydisperse spherical particles. Part 2. Polydisperse spherical particles
BS PD ISO/TS 14411-1:2017 Preparation of particulate reference materials-Polydisperse material based on picket fence of monodisperse spherical particles
PD ISO/TS 14411-1:2017 Preparation of particulate reference materials. Polydisperse material based on picket fence of monodisperse spherical particles
BS ISO 16002:2004 Stored cereal grains and pulses - Guidance on the detection of infestation by live invertebrates by trapping
ASTM E3508-25 Standard Practice for Reporting the Counts, Sizes, and Types of Particulate Matter on the Surfaces of Single-Use Bioprocessing Equipment
BS ISO 15593:2001 Environmental tobacco smoke - Estimation of its contribution to respirable suspended particles - Determination of particulate matter by ultraviolet absorbance and by fluorescence
BS EN ISO 18847:2016 Solid biofuels. Determination of particle density of pellets and briquettes

Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

SAE AS3071B-2000 R) Acceptance Criteria - Magnetic Particle, Fluorescent Penetrant, and Contrast Dye Penetrant Inspection
SAE AS3071B Acceptance Criteria - Magnetic Particle, Fluorescent Penetrant, and Contrast Dye Penetrant Inspection
SAE AS3071C Acceptance Criteria - Magnetic Particle, Fluorescent Penetrant, and Contrast Dye Penetrant Inspection
SAE AS3071 Acceptance Criteria - Magnetic Particle, Fluorescent Penetrant, and Contrast Dye Penetrant Inspection
SAE AS3071A Acceptance Criteria - Magnetic Particle, Fluorescent Penetrant, and Contrast Dye Penetrant Inspection
SAE ARP1192 Procedure for Calibration and Verification of a Liquidborne Particle Counter: An Absolute Standard
SAE ARP1192B Procedure for Calibration and Verification of a Liquidborne Particle Counter: An Absolute Standard
SAE ARP1192C Procedure for Calibration and Verification of a Liquidborne Particle Counter: An Absolute Standard
SAE ARP1192A Procedure for Calibration and Verification of a Liquidborne Particle Counter: An Absolute Standard

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISO 16002:2004 Stored cereal grains and pulses - Guidance on the detection of infestation by live invertebrates by trapping
ISO 14411-2:2020 Preparation of particulate reference materials — Part 2: Polydisperse spherical particles
ISO 13110:2025 Cigarettes - Determination of menthol in total particulate matter from mainstream cigarette smoke with a smoking regime according to ISO 3308 (standard smoking regime) - Gas chromatographic method
ISO 11500:2008 Hydraulic fluid power - Determination of the particulate contamination level of a liquid sample by automatic particle counting using the light-extinction principle
ISO/FDIS 19996:2024 Charge conditioning of aerosol particles for particle characterization and the generation of calibration and test aerosols
ISO/DIS 19996:2011 Charge conditioning of aerosol particles for particle characterization and the generation of calibration and test aerosols
ISO/CD 19996 Charge conditioning of aerosol particles for particle characterization and the generation of calibration and test aerosols
ISO 18847:2016 Solid biofuels - Determination of particle density of pellets and briquettes

Magyar Szabványügyi Testület

MSZ 6147/3-1979 Detection of artificial substances and physical materials. Dynamic particle solid detection

Indonesia Standards

SNI 13-6171-1999 Determination of relative refractive index for granular mineral by shadow test technique

Kingdom of Bahrain Testing and Metrology Directorate

BH GSO ASTM D6986:2015 Standard Test Methods For Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels ( Visual Inspection Procedures )
BH GSO ASTM D6290:2024 Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets
BH GSO ASTM D1739:2015 Standard Test Method for collection and measurement of dustfall (settleable partculate matter)

GCC Standardization Organization

OS GSO ASTM D6986:2024 Standard Test Method for Free Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
GSO ASTM D6986:2024 Standard Test Method for Free Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
GSO ASTM D1739:2013 Standard Test Method for collection and measurement of dustfall (settleable partculate matter)
GSO ASTM D6986:2014 Standard Test Methods For Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels ( Visual Inspection Procedures )
GSO ASTM D6290:2024 Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets
OS GSO ASTM D6290:2024 Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets
BH GSO ASTM D6986:2024 Standard Test Method for Free Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)

The Directorate General of Specifications and Metrology (DGSM)

OS GSO ASTM D6986:2014 Standard Test Methods For Water, Particulate and Other Contamination in Aviation Fuels ( Visual Inspection Procedures )
OS GSO ASTM D1739:2013 Standard Test Method for collection and measurement of dustfall (settleable partculate matter)

Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC)

JIS Z 8899:2023 Particulate reference materials -- Specifications and uncertainty evaluation for polydisperse spherical particles

Association of German Mechanical Engineers

VDI 3867 Blatt 1-2006 Measurement of particulate matter in ambient air - Methods for characterizing test aerosols - Determination of the particle number concentration and particle size distribution - Fundamentals
VDI 3489 Blatt 3-1997 Particulate matter measurement - Methods of characterizing and monitoring test aerosols - Optical particle counter
VDI 3867 Blatt 2-2008 Measurement of particulate matter in ambient air - Methods for characterizing test aerosols - Determination of the particle number concentration and particle size distribution - Condensation Particle Counter (CPC)
VDI 3954 Blatt 1-2019 Effects of particles on technical products - Characteristics of test dusts for product qualification (Fundamentals)

Underwriters Laboratories (UL)

UL 2904 BULLETIN-2018 UL Standard for Safety Technical Panel for Chemical and Particle Emissions from 3D Printers
UL 2904 BULLETIN-2017 UL Standard for Safety Technical Panel for Chemical and Particle Emissions from 3D Printers
UL 2904 BULLETIN-2023 UL Standard for Safety Standard Method for Testing and Assessing Particle and Chemical Emissions from 3D Printers

Unified Abrasives Manufacturers' Association

UAMA B74.23-2002(R2014) Standard for Measuring Relative Crystal Strength of Diamond and CBN Grit

Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS)

KS K 0694-2024 Textiles — Determination of the adhesion resistance propensity of fabrics to particulate matter(PM10) — Visual assessment
KS H ISO 15593-2009(2019) Environmental tobacco smoke－Estimation of its contribution to respirable suspended particles－Determination of particulate matter by ultraviolet absorbance and by fluorescence
KS H ISO 15593-2009(2024) Environmental tobacco smoke－Estimation of its contribution to respirable suspended particles－Determination of particulate matter by ultraviolet absorbance and by fluorescence

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

AASHTO T 195-2018 Standard Method of Test for Determining Degree of Particle Coating of Asphalt Mixtures
T 113-2018 Standard Method of Test for Lightweight Particles in Aggregate
AASHTO T 113-2025 Standard Method of Test for Lightweight Particles in Aggregate
AASHTO T 113-2022 Standard Method of Test for Lightweight Particles in Aggregate
AASHTO T 195-1967(2005) Standard Method of Test for Determining Degree of Particle Coating of Bituminous-Aggregate Mixtures

American National Standards Institute （ANSI)

ANSI/CAN/UL 2904:2019 STANDARD FOR SAFETY Standard Method for Testing and Assessing Particle and Chemical Emissions from 3D Printers

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas

ABNT MB-29-1969 Water absorption detection. Apparent mass density detection. and detection of small stone particles extracted with a 4.8 mm filter

Danish Standards Foundation

DS/ISO 15593:2001 Environmental tobacco smoke - Estimation of its contribution to respirable suspended particles - Determination of particulate matter by ultraviolet absorbance and by fluorescence
DANSK DS/ISO/TS 14411-1:2017 Preparation of particulate reference materials – Part 1: Polydisperse material based on picket fence of monodisperse spherical particles

German Institute for Standardization

DIN 50452-2:1991 Testing of materials for semiconductor technology; test method for particle analysis in liquids; determination of particles with optical particle counters

National Standardisation Body (ASRO)

STAS 7727-1985 POLYGRANULAR STANDARD SAND FOR TESTING THE CEMENTS ON PLASTIC MORTARS

Spanish Association for Standardization (UNE)

UNE-ISO 15593:2010 Environmental tobacco smoke -- Estimation of its contribution to respirable suspended particles -- Determination of particulate matter by ultraviolet absorbance and by fluorescence

Others: