GB/T 13173-2021 in English

《GB/T 13173-2021表面活性剂 洗涤剂试验方法》由TC272（全国表面活性剂和洗涤用品标准化技术委员会）归口，主管部门为中国轻工业联合会。

ChinaStandards.net is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.

This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This standard replaces GB/T 13173-2008 Surface active agents—Detergents—Testing methods. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 13173-2008:

——The sample reduction method of block sample is added (see 4.2.4 hereof);

——The specimen treatment of phosphorus molybdenum blue colorimetry in the determination of total phosphorus (V) oxide content is modified (see 6.2.4.2 hereof; 6.2.4.2 of Edition 2008);

——The extraction of ethanol solution in the determination of total active substance content is modified (see 7.4.1.1 hereof; 7.5.1.1 of Edition 2008);

——The procedure of determining sodium oxide in the determination of total active substance content is modified (see 7.4.1.2 hereof; 7.5.1.2 of Edition 2008);

——The application of mixed bed resin in the determination of non-ionic surface active agent content is added (see 8.2.1.3 and 8.4.1.3 hereof);

——The relative foaming power determination in the determination of foaming power is added (see 11.7 hereof);

——The determination of relative enzyme activity or content of protease is deleted (see Clause 18 of Edition 2008);

——The determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates content in detergents is added (see Clause 18 hereof);

——The determination of free alkali content in detergents is added (see Clause 20 hereof);

——The determination of dry sodium soap content in detergents is added (see Clause 21 hereof);

——The determination of high and low temperature stability of detergents is added (see Clause 22 hereof);

——The determination of odour is added (see Clause 23 hereof);

——The determination of colour and appearance is added (see Clause 24 hereof);

——The informative annex “Identification test of alkylphenol ethoxylates” is added (see Annex C hereof).

This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 607: 1980 Surface active agents and detergents—Methods of sample division, ISO 697: 1981 Surface active agents—Washing powders—Determination of apparent density—Method by measuring the mass of a given volume, ISO 4313: 1976 Washing powders—Determination of total phosphorus (V) oxide content—Quinoline phosphomolybdate gravimetric method, ISO 4321: 1977 Washing powders—Determination of active oxygen content—Titrimetric method, ISO 4325: 1990 Soaps and detergents—Determination of chelating agent content—Titrimetric method, and ISO 21264: 2019 Surface active agents—Detergents—Determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates.

This standard is changed largely in terms of structure due to the integration of several international standards; the comparison between this standard and the international standards in clause/subclause number is listed in Annex A.

Technical differences have been made in this standard with respect to the above international standards, and relevant technical differences and their causes have been listed in Annex B.

This standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council.

This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Surfactant and Detergent of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 272).

The previous edition of this standard is as follows:

——GB/T 13173-2008.

Surface active agents—
Test methods for detergents

1 Scope

This standard describes the test methods for indexes of surface active agents and detergents, such as sample reduction, particle size, total phosphorus (V) oxide content, total active substance content, non-ionic surface active agent content, various phosphate content, toluenesulfonate content, foaming power, chelating agent (EDTA) content, apparent density, whiteness, moisture and volatile matter content, active oxygen content, 4A zeolite content, alkylphenol ethoxylates content, effective chlorine content, free alkali content, dry sodium soap content, stability at high and low temperature, odour, colour and appearance, etc.

This standard is applicable to the index determination of surface active agents and detergent products.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 6003.1 Test sieves—Technical requirements and testing—Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth (GB/T 6003.1-2012, ISO 3310-1: 2000, MOD)
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use—Specification and test methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696: 1987, MOD)
JJG 512 Whiteness meters
QB/T 2739-2005 Preparations of standard volumetric solutions of general test methods for washing products

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
surface active agents
surface-active compound that dissolves in liquids, especially in water, and has a significant reduction in surface or interfacial tension due to preferential adsorption on liquid/gas surfaces or other interfaces

3.2
detergent
specially prepared product used for cleaning in the process of cleaning

3.3
bulk sample
collected set of samples which do not maintain their individual identities

3.4
blended bulk sample
collected set of samples blended together to obtain a uniform bulk sample

3.5
reduced sample
sample that has been obtained by reducing the quantity of another sample without change of composition

Note: It may also be necessary to reduce the particle size in the course of reducing the quantity.

3.6
final sample
sample obtained or prepared under the sampling plan for possible subdivision into identical portions for testing, reference or storage

3.7
laboratory sample
sample as prepared for sending to the laboratory and intended for inspection or testing

3.8
reference sample
sample prepared at the same time as, and equivalent to, the laboratory sample, which is acceptable to the parties concerned, and retained for use as a laboratory sample if a disagreement occurs

3.9
storage sample
sample prepared at the same time as, and equivalent to, the laboratory sample, and intended for possible future use as a laboratory sample

3.10
test sample
specimen prepared from the laboratory sample and from which test portions will be taken

 
3.11
active matter (for detergents)
all surface active agents showing specified activity in the formula

3.12
non-ionic surface active agent
surface active agent that does not produce ions in aqueous solution. The solubility of nonionic surface active agents in water is due to the existence of functional groups with strong hydrophilicity in the molecules

3.13
foaming power
ability of a product to produce foam

3.14
chelating agent
substance having a molecular structure of several electron donor groups capable of binding to metal ions by chelation

3.15
apparent density
mass of per unit apparent volume

3.16
whiteness
ratio of the radiant energy diffusely reflected from the surface of an object relative to a completely white object (standard white) in the visible region

Note: It is expressed as a percentage.

4 Reduction of sample

4.1 Principle

Reduction of a bulk sample by a mechanical process until a reduced sample is obtained.

The sample reduction process may be required for the following reasons:

a) the preparation of a final sample or a laboratory sample of mass greater than 250g from a blended bulk sample of mass greater than 500g;

b) the preparation of several equivalent laboratory samples and/or reference samples and/or storage samples, each of mass greater than 250g, from a final sample;

c) the preparation of a test sample from a laboratory sample;

d) the test samples mentioned in the following clauses/subclauses of this standard, unless otherwise specified, refer to the test samples obtained through the sample reduction process in this subclause.

4.2 Procedure

4.2.1 Products in powder form

4.2.1.1 Description

The procedure specified is applicable to powders, including spray-dried powders, and particularly, those that contain additives that have been introduced after the drying process.

Note 1: In the case of powders containing additives introduced after drying, the physical mixture obtained has a tendency to separate.

Note 2: In the case of washing powders, it is recommended that sampling be carried out under a ventilated hood; if necessary, a mask shall be worn.

4.2.1.2 Apparatus

Any satisfactory apparatus may be used, but the conical divider is recommended:

The conical divider (see Figures 1 and 2) shall be constructed in such a way that the two portions of the sample obtained from each dividing operation are quantitatively similar to each other and qualitatively representative of the original sample.

An apparatus which satisfies these conditions is the conical divider (see Figure 1) which consists essentially of a hopper (A) from which the sample to be divided runs over the surface of a cone (B) whose apex is situated directly beneath the centre of the lower opening in the hopper. The material running down the cone is diverted to series of receptacles arranged round the circumference of an inverted hopper (C) at the base of the cone (B). Alternate receptacles are connected to one or other of the two outlets at the bottom of the inverted hopper in order to provide two equivalent reduced samples.

Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Reduction of sample
5 Determination of particle size of powdered detergents
6 Determination of total phosphorus (V) oxide content in detergents
7 Determination of total active substance content in detergents
8 Determination of non-ionic surface active agent content in detergents (ion exchange method)
9 Separation determination of various phosphates content in detergents (ion exchange column chromatography)
10 Determination of toluenesuffonate content in detergents
11 Determination of foaming power for synthetic detergents (Ross-Miles method)
12 Determination of EDTA (chelating agent) content in detergents—Titrimetric method
13 Determination of apparent density of powdered detergent—Method by measuring the mass of a given volume
14 Determination of whiteness of powdered detergents
15 Determination of moisture and volatile content in detergents (oven method)
16 Determination of active oxygen content in detergents (titrimetric method)
17 Determination of 4A zeolite content in detergents (titrimetric method)
18 Determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates content in detergents
19 Determination of available chlorine content in detergents (titrimetric method)
20 Determination of free alkali content in detergents
21 Determination of dry sodium soap content in detergents
22 Determination of high and low temperature stability of detergents
23 Determination of odour of detergents
24 Determination of colour and appearance of detergents
25 Test result report requirements
Annex A (Informative) Structural changes of this standard with respect to ISO standards
Annex B (Informative) Technical differences between this standard and ISO standards adopted and their causes
Annex C (Informative) Identification test of alkylphenol ethoxylates