GB/T 14366-1993 in English

《GB/T 14366-1993声学 职业噪声测量与噪声引起的听力损伤评价》由TC17（全国声学标准化技术委员会）归口，主管部门为中国科学院。
本标准规定了成年人群因不同噪声暴露级和暴露时间引起的永久性听阈值改变的计算方法，评价其每天重复性噪声暴露引起听力损伤的危险率。本标准适用于稳态、间歇、起伏、不规则或脉冲性特点的声频噪声。对于瞬态声压级超过140dB和更高声压时，可用本标准外推。

Scope

This standard specifies the calculation method for permanent hearing threshold changes caused by different noise exposure levels and exposure times for the adult population, and evaluates the risk rate of hearing damage caused by daily repetitive noise exposure. When the commonly used audiometric frequency or the hearing threshold of these frequency combinations exceeds a certain value, this standard provides various formulas to calculate the basis for hearing impairment. Hazardous noise exposure acting on the population uses the average A [weighted] sound exposure level (the integral of the square of sound pressure to time) E_A, T and the correlation coefficient of the average working day (set at 8h) within the specified exposure period [Continuous A] sound level L_Aeq, T to determine. This standard applies to steady-state, intermittent, fluctuating, irregular or impulsive audio frequency (below 10kHz) noise. This standard can be used for extrapolation when the transient sound pressure level exceeds 140dB (the reference sound pressure is 20μPa) and higher. The calculation formula of NITPS for hearing damage caused by noise exposure is given. The frequency of hearing measurement is 0.5 to 6 kHz, and the average noise exposure level for 8 hours per day is 3.64×10³～1.15×10⁵Pa< Superscript 2>·s (ie 75~100dB), the exposure time is 0 to 40 years. The median value of NIPTS and the statistical distribution of values above and below the median within the range of 0.05 to 0.95 were specified, equally for male and female groups. Note: ①Although the HIPTS data in this standard are taken from the occupational noise-exposed population, they can also be tentatively used to estimate the impact of comparable non-occupational and comprehensive noise exposure (working hours should be specified). Because noise-induced hearing loss is not only a result of exposure to occupational noise but also of total exposure, it is also important to adequately estimate non-occupational noise exposure (e.g., commuting, at home, and entertainment venues) only when occupational noise exposure is negligible This standard is only effective for predicting hearing loss of occupational noise exposure, otherwise the calculation result should be the total amount of daily noise exposure (including occupational and non-occupational noise), if necessary, the impact of occupational noise exposure on total hearing loss can also be estimated The proportion in the . ②This standard is a prediction method formulated based on broadband steady-state atonal noise data, which can be temporarily used for modulated noise or impulse noise, and it can be considered that when the steady-state noise is 5dB higher than modulated noise or impulse noise, its noise The degree of hazard is basically the same. In order to calculate the hearing threshold and the risk rate of permanent hearing impairment or damage caused by noise exposure, it is necessary to know the hearing threshold of non-noise-exposed people of comparable age. For the convenience of users for different purposes, this standard allows the use of two different data sources Hearing thresholds for non-noise-exposed populations. a. Normal population in otology, that is, "highly screened population" according to the national standard GB7582-87 "Relationship between air conduction threshold and age and sex in normal people in otology", see database A in 5.2.1 of this standard. b. You can choose other people who think it is appropriate, see 5.2.3 database B of this standard. Note: All data and methods listed in the standard are approximate values based on carefully simplified experimental data, thus limiting the validity of the standard to the range of existing variables, quantiles and noise exposure guilty. This standard is based on statistical data, so it is not intended for the prediction or evaluation of individual hearing loss or hearing impairment. Appendix A: According to GB7582-87, the method for calculating the hearing threshold of age-related normal otology population (highly screened) is given. Appendix B: Calculation of age-related hearing thresholds for an unselected population in a typical industrialized country. Appendix C: Gives an example of selected values for hearing thresholds for a specific "unscreened" population, when using the method in this standard, the results are nearly identical to those predicted by ISO 1999 (first edition). Appendix D: Give an example of applying this standard to evaluate the risk rate of hearing loss. Appendix E: The tabular example calculates the functional relationship between the NIPTS value at 6 frequencies, 3 quantiles and the exposure time and A-weighted sound exposure. Among them: exposure time (10, 20, 30, 40 years); day A [weighted] sound exposure (3.64×10³, 1.15×10⁴, 3.64×10⁴ and 1.15×10⁵Pa² s) or the equivalent continuous A sound level (85, 90, 95, 100dB) equal to a standard 8-hour working day; 6 frequencies (0.5, 1 , 2, 3, 4 and 6kHz); 3 quantile values (0.1, 0.5, 0.9).