T/HBLS 0014-2023 in English

Scope

Terms and definitions The terms and definitions defined in GB/T1536, GB/T22514, GB/T8873, NY/T3341 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Jingchu grain and oil high quality rapeseed oils Rapeseed oil that meets the requirements of T/HBLS0003 is made from high-quality rapeseed produced in Hubei Province through pressing or leaching. 3.2 Tempering quality adjusting By adjusting the temperature and humidity, the rapeseed has a suitable toughness to meet the rapeseed oil production process. T/HBLS0014—2023 2 4 Basic requirements for processing enterprises 4.1 The factory site and factory environment shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. 4.2 Factory buildings and workshops 4.2.1 Comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. 4.2.2 The ground used for stacking and drying rapeseed and rapeseed cake shall not be paved with materials containing harmful substances such as asphalt. 4.3 Facilities and equipment 4.3.1 Facilities shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. 4.3.2 Equipment shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. 4.4 Sanitation management shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. 4.5 Product recall management shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881. 4.6 Training shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881. 4.7 Management system and personnel shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881. 4.8 Record and document management shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881. 5 Raw materials, food additives and food-related products 5.1 General requirements shall comply with the provisions of GB14881. 5.2 Raw materials Each batch of raw rapeseed shall be sampled according to GB/T5491, and can only be accepted into the warehouse after it meets the quality requirements of GB/T11762. 5.3 Food additives shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB2760. 5.4 Processing aids shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB2760. 5.5 Others shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881. 6 Food safety control 6.1 Product contamination risk control shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. T/HBLS0014—2023 3 6.2 Biological contamination control shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. 6.3 Chemical contamination control shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB8955. 6.4 Physical contamination control shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB14881 and GB89555. 6.5 Safety control of materials in contact with oil and oil products Materials that directly contact oil and oil products shall comply with the provisions of GB4806.1. 7 Process flow Rapeseed → cleaning → drying → tempering → rolling → steaming → pressing → crude oil → filtering → degumming → deacidification → washing and drying ↓↓ Rapeseed cake high-quality pressed rapeseed oil Figure 1 Process flow chart of high-quality pressed rapeseed oil Rapeseed cake → leaching → crude oil → filtering → degumming → deacidification → washing and drying → decolorization → deodorization → dewaxing → high-quality leached rapeseed oil Figure 2 Process flow chart of high-quality leached rapeseed oil 8 Processing technical requirements 8.1 Oil pressing process 8.1.1 Pressing method 8.1.1.1 Cleaning Reasonably set the cleaning equipment and process conditions, and use cleaning methods such as screening, air separation and magnetic separation to remove impurities in rapeseed. The impurity content in the net material after impurity removal shall not exceed 0.5%. 8.1.1.2 Drying Reasonably set the drying equipment and process conditions, and use mechanical drying or sun drying. The drying temperature shall not exceed 60℃. If the dried rapeseed needs to be stored, the moisture content shall be controlled within 10%. 8.1.1.3 Tempering Reasonably set the tempering equipment and process conditions, adjust the temperature and moisture of rapeseed for oil pressing, and control the tempering time within 30 minutes. The tempering temperature is adjusted according to the actual situation, not exceeding 60℃, and the moisture content of rapeseed after tempering is less than 10%. 8.1.1.4 Rolling Reasonably set the rolling equipment and process conditions, and use the rolling machine to press the tempered rapeseed from granules into thin sheets. After rolling, the thickness of the rapeseed sheet is 0.2mm-0.4mm, and the powder degree of the embryo is controlled to be no more than 3% of the sieve with an aperture of 0.85mm, and the embryo should not be exposed to oil. 8.1.1.5 Steaming and frying Reasonably set the steaming and frying equipment and process conditions, and the rapeseed raw embryo is processed into cooked embryo by the steaming and frying equipment, and the steaming and frying temperature does not exceed 110℃, and the steaming and frying is 30min-60min. After steaming and frying, the oil material does not drip oil, does not form a mass, and does not produce powder, and the moisture content of the embryo is controlled at about 4%. 8.1.1.6 Pressing T/HBLS0014—2023 4 Reasonably set the pressing equipment and process conditions, and use mechanical external force to squeeze out the rapeseed oil to obtain pressed crude oil. According to the pressing temperature, it is divided into cold pressing and hot pressing. The cold pressing temperature is controlled within 65℃, and the moisture content of the rapeseed entering the oil pressing is controlled within 5%-9%. The hot pressing temperature is controlled within 120℃, and the moisture content of the rapeseed entering the oil pressing is controlled within 4%. 8.1.2 Extraction method 8.1.2.1 Extraction Reasonably set the oil extraction equipment and process conditions, and use organic solvents to extract rapeseed cakes in the extractor to obtain mixed oil. When hexane is used as the extraction solvent, the extraction temperature is 50℃-55℃, 5℃-10℃ lower than the lower boiling point of the solvent, and the extraction time is 100min-180min. 8.1.2.2 Mixed oil treatment Reasonably set the equipment and process conditions for mixed oil treatment, and remove the meal and separate the solvent from the mixed oil through purification, evaporation and stripping to obtain the crude oil. The mixed oil can be purified by filtration, hydrocyclone separation, gravity sedimentation, etc., or by combining filtration processes. Evaporation should adopt a double evaporation process, and the difference between the heating evaporation temperature and the evaporation temperature of the mixed oil should be maintained at 20℃-25℃. The stripping temperature can be controlled at 100℃-110℃, and the working pressure of the stripping tower is 50kPa-80kPa. The residual solvent content in the crude oil obtained by stripping is ≤100mg/kg. 8.1.2.3 Wet meal treatment Reasonably set the equipment and process conditions for wet meal treatment, and perform solvent desolventizing, drying and cold treatment on the wet meal. The residual solvent content of the finished meal is ≤500mg/kg, and the residual oil content in the finished meal is ≤2.0mg/kg. Rapeseed meal should meet the requirements of GB/T22514, and feed rapeseed meal should meet the requirements of GB/T23736. 8.1.2.4 Solvent recovery Reasonably set up solvent recovery equipment and process conditions, through condensation and cooling of solvent gas, separation of solvent and water, recovery of solvent in wastewater and recovery of solvent in free gas, realize the most complete recovery and recycling of solvent in leaching production, and ensure that the solvent residue in rapeseed oil meets the standard. Note: Others do not involve leaching process parameters and process requirements. The leaching requirements are based on meeting GB/T1536 crude oil, GB/T22514 and GB/T23736 finished meal. 8.2 Refining process 8.2.1 Filtration Reasonably set up filtration equipment and process conditions. After the crude oil is settled in the settling tank, settling tank, etc., select filtration equipment for treatment to filter out impurities. The insoluble impurity content of the crude oil after filtration is ≤0.2%, and the water and volatile content is ≤0.2%. 8.2.2 Degumming Note: Low temperature degumming Reasonably set up condensation degumming equipment and process conditions, which is suitable for refining of pressed rapeseed oil. After removing solid impurities from crude oil, cool the oil temperature to 40℃-50℃ and pump it into the hydration tank. Use soft water with the same oil temperature, add 0.1% of the oil weight, pump it into the cooling tank, slowly cool it to 5℃-10℃ at a speed of 15 r/min-20r/min, and let it stand for 12h-24h. Use a filter to filter, and keep a constant temperature throughout the filtering process. The content of insoluble impurities after degumming is ≤0.05%. 8.2.2.1 Hydration degumming Reasonably set the hydration degumming equipment and process conditions, the hydration temperature should be 85℃-95℃, the amount of water added should be controlled at 3-3.5 times the phospholipid content of the crude oil, and the hydration reaction time should be 30min-45min. The content of insoluble impurities after degumming is ≤0.05%. Note: For other process parameters not involved, degumming methods required by the process (such as super degumming, acid degumming, etc.), the degumming requirements shall be based on meeting T/HBLS 0003 high-quality rapeseed oil. 8.2.3 Deacidification Reasonably set the deacidification equipment and process conditions, use alkali refining for deacidification, and the amount of alkali added is determined according to the acid value of crude oil. The alkali concentration is 4°Bé-10°Bé, the excess alkali is 0.05%-0.2%, the neutralization temperature is 50℃-85℃, the reaction time is 10min-20min, and the oil-soap separation temperature is 80℃-85℃. The water temperature during water washing is consistent with the oil temperature, and the water consumption is 5%-10% of the oil weight. T/HBLS0014—2023 5 Note: For other deacidification methods that do not involve process parameters (such as steam distillation deacidification, enzymatic deacidification, etc.), the deacidification requirements shall be based on the requirements of T/HBLS0003 high-quality rapeseed oil. 8.2.4 Water washing and drying Reasonably set the water washing and drying equipment and process conditions. The deacidified oil is washed with soft water, centrifuged and dehydrated, and then vacuum dried. The washing temperature of deacidified oil is 85℃-95℃, and the amount of water added is 10%-15% each time. The number of washing times is determined according to the amount of residual soap, 1-3 times is appropriate, and the oil is washed until neutral. The drying temperature is 85℃-105℃, and the pressure is 2.5kPa-4.0kPa. The water content of washed and dried oil is ≤0.2%. 8.2.5 Decolorization Reasonably set the decolorization equipment and process conditions, and select special activated carbon or kaolin with good adsorption effect on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Use activated carbon or kaolin as adsorbent, the amount of activated carbon added shall not exceed 4% of the oil weight, the adsorption reaction temperature shall be controlled at 100℃-120℃, the time shall be about 25min, and the operating pressure shall be 2.5kPa-4.0kPa. Composite adsorbents can also be used, and adsorbents with low plasticizer content are preferred. Decolorized oil should meet the color requirements of T/HBLS0003. 8.2.6 Deodorization Reasonably set the deodorization equipment and process conditions to reduce the loss of nutrients in oil and fat during the deodorization process and the distillation loss. The appropriate deodorization conditions are as follows: temperature ≤ 240℃, deodorization time 40min-80min, deodorization pressure ≤ 0.2kPa, and the oil should be cooled to about 40℃ in time after deodorization. If the plasticizer content in the deodorized oil is high, the deodorization time and temperature can be appropriately increased, and 260℃ and deodorization time 80 min-100min can be used. 8.2.7 Dewaxing Reasonably set the dewaxing equipment and process conditions, remove a small amount of wax in the oil, and cool the oil to below 20℃. Add pearl salt, diatomaceous earth and other filter aids, the addition amount does not exceed 5% of the oil weight, and plate and frame filter, air compressor and other separation wax can be used to obtain rapeseed oil with quality indicators that meet the requirements of T/HBLS0003 high-quality rapeseed oil. 9 Product quality grade indicators The quality of finished oil should meet the requirements of T/HBLS0003 high-quality rapeseed oil, and the finished meal should meet the relevant quality requirements of GB/T22514 and GB/T23736. 10 Inspection sampling methods shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T5491, product hygiene indicators shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB2716, and physical and chemical indicators shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of T/HBLS0003. Products may leave the factory only after passing the inspection. 11 Packaging, storage and transportation 11.1 The packaging of pre-packaged finished rapeseed oil shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T17374, and the product labeling shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB7718. 11.2 The transportation and storage of pre-packaged finished rapeseed oil shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T17374. The storage containers of bulk finished rapeseed oil shall comply with the relevant requirements of GB4806.1 and food safety, and the transportation shall comply with the provisions of GB/T30354. ____________________