WS/T 666-2019 in English
VALIDTechnical specifications for health risk assessment of ambient air pollution
- Issued on:2019-07-22
- Implemented on:2020-01-01
- File Format:PDF
- Delivery:Via email within 5 business days
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本标准规定了进行大气污染健康风险评估的基本原则、工作流程、评估方法和要求、评估结果的应用及评估报告框架。基于人群特征资料的健康风险评估方法适用于可获得人群监测数据及流行病学资料的情况下，开展基于人群暴露特征和流行病学资料的人群健康风险评估。基于大气污染物毒性资料的人群健康风险评估方法适用于缺乏人群监测数据及流行病学资料的情况下，开展基于大气污染物浓度和毒性资料的人群健康风险评估。
本规范适用于地方、区域和国家层面开展大气污染人群健康风险评估。
Introduction
Analysis of the core content of the standard
Dual-track evaluation framework
The standard innovatively proposes an evaluation system that combines population characteristic data with toxicity data:
| Evaluation type | Applicable conditions | Core indicators | Data requirements |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population characteristic evaluation | Epidemiological data available | RR value/β coefficient | Mortality/morbidity monitoring data required |
| Toxicity data evaluation | Only pollutant toxicity data | IUR/RfC values | Complete toxicological parameters are required |
Key technological breakthroughs
1. Quantification of exposure-response relationship
The β coefficient was calculated by the generalized additive model (GAM). The case shows that for every 1μg/m³ increase in NO2 concentration, the risk of non-accidental death increases by 0.53% (β=0.53%).
2. Dynamic risk characterization model
Innovative excess risk calculation formula is established:
ΔX = X × {1 - 1/exp[β×(CC0)]}
Where the reference concentration of C0 can flexibly select the national standard limit or WHO guidance value.
Implementation Application Case
Benzo[a]pyrene Risk Assessment
When the annual average concentration in a certain place is 1.67ng/m³:
- The lifetime exposure model is used to calculate the cancer risk
- Age-sensitive factors (ASFs) are applied in different age groups:
| Age group | ASF value | Contribution risk(10-6) |
|---|---|---|
| 0-2 years old | 10 | 0.52 |
| 2-16 years old | 3 | 1.1 |
| >16 years old | 1 | 1.4 |
The total lifetime cancer risk is 3.0×10-6, which exceeds the acceptable level of 1×10-6.
Standard Evolution and Innovation
Technological Breakthroughs
- Integrating the DALY indicator to assess disease burden for the first time
- Introducing the APEX exposure model to achieve accurate assessment of the microenvironment
- Establishing an uncertainty classification system (data/model/parameters)
Implementation Recommendations
Data collection: Prioritize the use of national control station data from the ecological environment department, which must meet the integrity requirements of GB3095 (SO2/NO2 daily ≥20-hour average)
Tool selection: It is recommended to use WHO AirQ+ software for attributable risk calculation
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