GB/T 1043.1-2008 in English

《GB/T 1043.1-2008塑料 简支梁冲击性能的测定 第1部分：非仪器化冲击试验》由TC15（全国塑料标准化技术委员会）归口，TC15SC4（全国塑料标准化技术委员会通用方法和产品分会）执行，主管部门为中国石油和化学工业联合会。
GB/T 1043《塑料 简支梁冲击性能的测定》共分为2个部分，本部分为GB/T 1043的第1部分，等同采用ISO 179-1：《塑料――简支梁冲击性能的测定――第1部分：非仪器化冲击试验》（英文版），并将ISO/TC 61/SC2于2005年发布的1号修改单的内容并入文本中。
本部分同等翻译ISO 179-1：2000，在技术内容上完全一致。
本部分代替GB/T 1043-1993《硬质塑料简支梁冲击试验方法》。GB/T 1043的本部分规定了塑料在规定条件下测定简支梁冲击强度的方法。规定了几种不同类型的试样与试验。根据材料类型、试样类型和缺口类型规定了不同的试验参数。本部分用于研究规定类型的试样在规定冲击条件下的行为和评估试样在试验条件下的脆性和韧性。也可用于同类材料可比数据的测定。本部分适用于下列范围的材料：--硬质热塑性模塑和挤塑材料，包括经填充和增强的材料，硬质热塑性板材；--硬质热固性模塑材料，包括经填充和增强的材料、硬质热固性板材，包括层压材料；--纤维单向或多向增强热固性和热塑性复合材料，如毡、织物、纺织粗纱、短切原丝、复合增强材料、无捻粗纱和磨碎纤维、预浸渍材料制成的片材（预浸料坯），包括经填充和增强的材料；--热致液晶聚合物。本部分不适用于硬质泡沫材料和含有泡沫材料的夹层结构材料。通常长纤维增强的复合材料和热致液晶聚合物不使用缺口试样。本部分与GB/T 1043-1993相比主要变化为：
――更改了标准名称，增加了目次、前言；
――扩大了适用范围，增加了热致液晶聚合物；
――术语和定义内容进行了扩充和修改，引用“侧向冲击”、“贯层冲击”、“垂直方向”、“平行方向”，删除了“相对冲击强度”，将几种破坏类型归在操作步骤中；
――改变了缺口度样的缺口位置，即缺口开在试样窄的纵向平面上；
――试样尺寸有所变化；
――增加了精密度一章；
――扩大了试验报告的内容；
――增加了附录A“研究表面效应影响的附加方法”；
――增加了附录B“精密度数据”。

1 Scope

1.1 This Part of GB/T 1043 specifies a method for determining the Charpy impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. A number of different types of specimen and test configurations are defined. Different test parameters are specified according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch.
1.2 The method is used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions. It may also be used for the determination of comparative data from similar types of material.
1.3 The method has a greater range of applicability than that given in GB/T 1843 and is more suitable for the testing of materials showing interlaminar shear fracture or of materials exhibiting surface effects due to environmental factors.
1.4 The method is suitable for use with the following range of materials:
——rigid thermoplastic moulding and extrusion materials, including filled and reinforced compounds in addition to unfilled types; rigid thermoplastics sheets:
——rigid thermosetting moulding materials, including filled and reinforced compounds: rigid thermosetting sheets, including laminates;
——fibre-reinforced thermosetting and thermoplastic composites incorporating unidirectional or non-unidirectional reinforcements such as mat, woven fabrics, woven rovings, chopped strands, combination and hybrid reinforcements, rovings and milled fibres, sheet made from pre-impregnated materials (prepregs), including filled and reinforced compounds;
——thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
1.5 The method is not normally suitable for use with rigid cellular materials and sandwich structures containing cellular material. Also, notched specimens are not normally used for long-fibre-reinforced composites or thermotropic liquid-crystal polymers.
1.6 The method is suited to the use of specimens which may be either moulded to the chosen dimensions, machined from the central portion of a standard multipurpose test specimen (see GB/T 11997) or machined from finished or semifinished products such as mouldings, laminates and extruded or cast sheet.
1.7 The method specifies preferred dimensions for the test specimen. Tests which are carried out on specimens of different dimensions or with different notches, or specimens which are prepared under different conditions, may produce results which are not comparable. Other factors, such as the energy capacity of the apparatus, its impact velocity and the conditioning of the specimens can also influence the results. Consequently, when comparative data are required, these factors must be carefully controlled and recorded.
1.8 The method should not be used as a source of data for design calculations. Information on the typical behaviour of a material can be obtained, however, by testing at different temperatures, by varying the notch radius and/or the thickness and by testing specimens prepared under different conditions.

Content
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Principle
5 Apparatus
6 Test specimens
7 Procedure
8 Calculation and Expression of Results
9 Precision
10 Test report
Appendix A (Informative) Additional Methods for Investigating the Influence of Surface Effects
Appendix B (Informative) Precision Data