GB/T 12801-2008 in English

《GB/T 12801-2008生产过程安全卫生要求总则》由TC288（全国安全生产标准化技术委员会）归口，主管部门为应急管理部。
本标准代替GB 12801-1991《生产过程安全卫生要求总则》。
本标准规定了生产过程安全卫生的基本要求、控制生产过程安全卫生影响因素的一般要求、安全卫生防护技术措施；安全卫生管理措施。
本标准适用于企业生产过程的规划、设计、组织和实施；建立企业生产过程安全、卫生标准体系和编写生产过程安全、卫生要求的标准、规范等；也适用于对企业生产过程中的安全、卫生状况，安全、卫生技术措施与管理措施的考核和监察。
农业、林业、矿山、电力、建筑、交通运输等生产过程的安全、卫生要求，应结合生产特点制定。
本标准与GB 12801-1991相比主要变化如下：
―――由强制性标准改为推荐性标准；
―――更新并补充了部分引用文件；
―――更新并补充了部分术语和定义；
―――修改了基本要求、控制生产过程安全卫生影响因素的一般要求、安全卫生防护技术措施、安全
卫生管理措施中的部分条款。

1. Scope
This national standard specifies the basic requirements for safety and health in the production process, general requirements for the control of production process safety and health influencing factor; safety and health protection technical measures; health and safety management measures.
This Standard is applicable to the planning, design, organization and implementation for the production process of enterprises; so as to establish the safety and health standard system for the production process of enterprises and compile codes and standards for the safety and health requirements of production process; it is also applicable to the examination and monitoring for the safety and health conditions, safety and health technical measure and control measures.
Safety and health requirements for agriculture, forestry, mining, electricity, construction, transportation and other production processes shall be developed by combining with the production features.
The health in this Standard refers to the sanitary engineering technology and organization and administration in the production process.
2. Normative References
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excluding content of corrigenda) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, Parties to agreements based on this Code are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB 2893 Safety Colours
GB 2894 Safety Signs and Guideline for the Use
GB 4387 Safety Regulation for Railway and Road Transportation in Plants of Industrial Enterprises
GB 5044 Classification of Health Hazard Levels from Occupational Exposure to Toxic Substances
GB 5083 General Rules for Designing the Production Facilities in accordance with Safety and Health Requirements
GB 5749 Standards for Drinking Water Quality
GB 8702 Protection Specifications on Electromagnetic Radiation
GB 11651 Selection Rules of Articles for Labour Protection Use
GB 50201 Flood Protection Standard
3. Terminologies and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this Standard.
3.1
Production process
Generally refers to the whole process from an object entering the production area up to it being made into products
Production process in this Standard includes the safety work and construction processes.
3.2
Production materials
Raw materials, materials, fuel, auxiliary materials and semi-finished products required for production
3.3
Waste materials
The remainder of the production process, and wastrel and flotsam produced in the production processes, including gaseous, liquid and solid substances.
3.4
Production equipments
Equipments, facilities, industrial machinery, instruments and other labor data required for the production
3.5
Hazardous factors
Factors which may bring casualty to human or unexpected damage to object
3.6
Harmful factors
Factors which can affect people's health and lead to disease, or cause chronic damage to objects
3.7
Harmful substances
The generic terms for the chemical, physical and biological materials that can endanger the employees’ health
4. Basic Requirements
4.1 Where the production process which may endanger the safety and health of personnel, or result in loss to the property shall develop relevant safety and health standards.
4.2 The safety and health standards for the production process shall provide specific requirements for the following factors:
a) The dangerous and harmful factors in the production process;
b) The selection and plan layout of the site, mining field and construction work zone;
c) Design, organization and implementation in the technology, operation and construction processes;
d) Buildings (structures) in the production plant and working site;
e) Production materials;
f) Production equipments;
g) Configuration of equipments, facilities, pipelines and cables, and planning and organization of working areas;
h) Storage and transportation of production materials, products, waste materials;
i) Production auxiliary facilities and public works;
j) Personnel selection;
k) Protection technical measures;
l) Control measures;
m) Major hazard and management;
n) Emergency rescue system;
o) Others
4.3 According to the hazard and characteristics of hazardous source and potential influence circle, it is necessary to specify the corresponding safety and health protection distance, and protective belt.