GB/T 20155-2018 in English

《GB/T 20155-2018电池中汞、镉、铅含量的测定》由TC176（全国原电池标准化技术委员会）归口，主管部门为中国轻工业联合会。

ChinaStandards.net is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.

This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This standard replaces GB/T 20155-2006 Determination of mercury, cadmium and lead in battery.

The following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 20155-2006:

——The application scope of standard is modified (see Clause 1);

——The processing method of battery pack sample is added (see 6.2);

——The “Determination of mercury content [Cold atomic absorption spectrometric methods (AAS)]” is modified (see Clause 7, 2.1 of Edition 2006);

——The “Determination of cadmium/lead content [flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods (FAAS)]” is added (see Clause 9, 2.2 and 2.3 of Edition 2006).

This standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council.

This standard is under jurisdiction of SAC/TC 176 National Technical Committee on Primary Battery of Standardization Administration of China.

The previous edition of this standard is as follows:

——GB/T 20155-2006.


Determination of Mercury, Cadmium and Lead in battery

Caution: the hydrochloric acid and nitric acid used in this standard are volatile and corrosive, so avoid inhalation or contact with skin when using them. Wash them with plenty of water immediately when splashing on the skin, and seek medical attention immediately if serious.

1 Scope

This standard specifies the detection methods of mercury, cadmium and lead in battery.

This standard is applicable to the determination of mercury, cadmium and lead in small sealed primary batteries which meet the standard of GB/T8897.2 and with single battery mass of not more than 200g.

Determination range: mercury content is 0.05 μg/g ~ 100 mg/g; cadmium content is 1.0 μg/g ~ 100 mg/g; lead content is 5.0 μg/g ~ 100 mg/g.

Note: The lower limit of the determination range of each element varies with the precision performance of the apparatus and the dilution multiple when preparing the sample solution. If the total volume of sample solution is reduced or the sample weighing amount is increased, the lower limit of the determination range of mercury, cadmium and lead may be reduced. For example, on the premise that the precision performance of the apparatus meets the requirements of this standard, when the total volume of the sample solution is half of that in “Table 1 Mass range, model example of battery and added reagent amount”, the lower limit of the determination range is: 0.025μg/g of mercury, 0.5μg/g of cadmium, 2.5μg/g of lead; the lower limit of the determination range is 0.01μg/g of mercury, 0.2μg/g of cadmium and 1.0μg/g of lead when the dilution multiple is 5 in case of preparing sample solution (when the battery sample mass is 20g, and the total volume of the sample solution is 100mL).

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 603 Chemical reagent - Preparations of reagent solutions for use in test methods
GB/T 6682-2008 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
GB/T 8897.2 Primary batteries - Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications

 
3 Test method - General

After stripped, the battery is decomposed with nitric acid and hydrochloric acid and then filtered to prepare the sample solution. Method I cold atomic absorption spectrometric methods (AAS) or method II atomic fluorescence spectrometry is adopted to determine the content of mercury, and method III flame atomic absorption spectrometry or method IV inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry is adopted to determine the contents of lead and cadmium.

4 Test conditions

4.1 Ambient conditions

Except for special regulations, the inspection shall be carried out in the following environment:

Temperature: 15℃~35℃;

Relative humidity: 30%~90%;

Atmospheric pressure: 86kPa~106kPa.

4.2 Safety condition

Appropriate protective measures shall be taken to prevent personal injury.

It shall be determined by qualified and experienced technicians.

5 General reagents and apparatuses and equipment

Unless otherwise specified, reagents with a purity not lower than analytical purity and secondary water that meet the standard of GB/T 6682-2008 shall be used in the analysis, and guaranteed or spectrally pure reagents should be used for microscale and trace analysis. Unless otherwise specified, the preparations and products used in the test are prepared according to standard of GB/T 603.

5.1 Hydrochloric acid (ρ 1.19g/mL).

5.2 Hydrochloric acid 1+1.

5.3 Nitric acid (ρ 1.42g/mL).

5.4 Nitric acid, 1+1.

5.5 Nitric acid, 1+99.

5.6 Potassium dichromate solution: 50g/L.

5.7 Standard mercury storage solution, 0.1000mg/mL: weigh 0.1354g of mercury chloride (HgCl2) that has been fully dried and put in a silica gel desiccator overnight, dissolve it in 10mL of potassium dichromate solution, add 100mL of nitric acid (5.4), and transfer into a 1,000mL volumetric flask, dilute to the scale with water and mix well. Or purchase standard mercury solution with a mass concentration of 0.1000mg/mL of commercially available certified national standard material.

5.8 Mercury standard solution, 0.1000μg/mL: pipette 10.00mL of mercury standard storage solution (5.7), put it in a 100mL volumetric flask, add 1mL of potassium dichromate solution (5.6) and 10mL of nitric acid (5.4), dilute to the scale with water, and mix well to obtain standard mercury intermediate solution (I) with concentration of 10.00μg/mL; pipette 10.00mL of standard mercury intermediate solution (I), put it in a 100mL volumetric flask, add 1mL of potassium dichromate solution (5.6) and 10mL of nitric acid (5.4), dilute to the scale with water, and mix well to obtain standard mercury intermediate solution (II) with concentration of 1.000μg/mL; pipette 10.00mL of standard mercury intermediate solution (II), put it in a 100mL volumetric flask, add 1mL of potassium dichromate solution (5.6) and 10mL of nitric acid (5.4), dilute it to the scale with water, and mix well to obtain the standard mercury solution with the concentration of 0.1000μg/mL.

Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Test method - General
4 Test conditions
5 General reagents and apparatuses and equipment
6 Sample
7 Method I Determination of mercury content [cold atomic absorption spectrometric methods (AAS)]
8 Method II Determination of mercury content [atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS)]
9 Method III Determination of cadmium/lead content [flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods (FAAS)]
10 Method IV Determination of cadmium or lead contents [inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric method (ICP-AES)]
11 Quality assurance and control
12 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Reference working conditions for apparatus
Bibliography