GB/T 27996-2022 in English

《GB/T 27996-2022全地面起重机》由TC227（全国起重机械标准化技术委员会）归口，TC227SC2（全国起重机械标准化技术委员会流动式起重机分会）执行，主管部门为中国机械工业联合会。

All terrain crane

1 Scope

This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transport and storage of all terrain crane.

This document is applicable to all terrain cranes (hereinafter referred to as cranes).

2 Normative references

The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 783 Lifting appliances - Range of maximum capacities for basic models
GB1495 Limits and measurement methods for noise emitted by accelerating motor vehicles
GB/T 3766 Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components
GB/T 3811 Design rules for cranes
GB 3847 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from diesel vehicles under free acceleration and lugdown cycle
GB 4094 Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales of motor vehicles
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB 4785 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 5226.32 Electrical safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines
GB/T 6067.1 Safety rules for lifting appliances - Part 1: General
GB/T 6068-2021 Test code for truck crane and tyre crane
GB/T 6974.1 Cranes - Vocabulary - Part 1: General
GB/T 6974.2 Cranes - Vocabulary - Part 2: Mobile cranes
GB 7258-2017 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on roads
GB/T 7935 Hydraulic fluid power - General requirements for hydraulic components
GB 8410 Flammability of automotive interior materials
GB/T 9286-2021 Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test
GB 9656 Safety technical specification for glazing materials used in power-driven vehicles
GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial products
GB/T 10051 (All parts) Lifting hooks
GB/T 11118.1 Hydraulic fluids of L-HL, L-HM, L-HV, L-HS and L-HG type
GB 11567 Motor vehicles and trailers-lateral and rear underrun protection requirements
GB/T 12265.3 Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
GB/T 12602 Lifting appliances - Safety devices against overloading
GB 12676 Technical requirements and testing methods for commercial vehicle and trailer braking systems
GB/T 13594 Antilock braking performance and test procedure for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB 14023 Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engine - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-board receivers
GB 14166 Safety-belts, restraint systems, child restraint systems and ISOFIX child restraint systems for occupants of power-driven vehicles
GB 14167 Safety-belt anchorages, ISOFIX anchorages systems and ISOFIX top tether anchorages for vehicles
GB/T 15052 Cranes - Safety signs and hazard pictorials - General principles
GB 15082 Speed meters for motor vehicle
GB 15083 Strength requirement and test of automobile seats, their anchorages and any head restraints
GB 15084 Motor vehicles - Devices for indirect vision - Requirements of performance and installation
GB/T 15706 Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
GB 15741 The licence plates (crackets) and its position on motor vehicles and trailer
GB 15742 Performance requirements and test methods of horn for motor vehicles
GB 16170 Limits of noise emitted by stationary road vehicles
GB 17675 Steering system of motor vehicles - Basic requirements
GB 17691 Limits and measurement method for emissions from diesel fuelled heavy-duty vehicles (CHINA VI)
GB 18296 Safety property requirements and test methods for automobile fuel tank and its installation
GB 18384 Electric vehicles safety requirements
GB/T 18411 Power-driven vehicles manufacturers plate
GB/T 19418-2003 Arc-welded joints in steel - Guidance on quality levels for imperfections
GB/T 19924 Mobile cranes - Determination of stability
GB/T 20062 Mobile crawler crane - Limits and measurement methods for operating noise
GB 20182 The cab of commercial vehicles - External projections
GB/T 20303.2 Cranes - Cabins - Part 2: Mobile cranes
GB 20891 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (CHINA Ⅲ, Ⅳ)
GB/T 21458 Mobile cranes - Presentation of rated capacity charts
GB 23254 Retro-reflective markings for trucks and trailers
GB/T 23821 Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs
GB/T 24810.2 Cranes - Limiters and indicators - Part 2: Mobile cranes
GB/T 24817.2 Lifting appliances - Arrangements and characteristics of controls - Part 2: Mobile cranes.
GB/T 24818.2 Cranes - Access,guards and restraints - Part 2: Mobile cranes
GB/T 25195.2 Cranes - Graphical symbols - Part 2: Mobile cranes
GB 25990 Rear-marking plates for vehicles and their trailers
GB 26511 Front underrun protective requirements for commercial vehicle
GB 26512 The protection of the occupants of the cab of commercial vehicle
GB/T 28264 Safety monitoring management system of lifting appliances
GB 34659 Requirements and test methods relating to the spray-suppression systems of motor vehicles and their trailers
GB 34660 Road vehicles - Requirements and test methods of electromagnetic compatibility
GB 36886 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from non-road mobile machinery equipped with diesel engine
GB/T 39416 Test methods of fuel consumption for truck crane
HJ 1014 Emissions control technical requirements of non-road diesel mobile machinery
JB/T 5934 Construction machinery - Door lock
JB/T 5943 Construction machinery - General specifications for welding parts
JB/T 8727 Hydraulic fluid power - Hose assemblies
JB/T 10559-2018 Non-destructive testing of lifting appliances-Ultrasonic testing of steel welds
JB/T 11209 Mobile cranes - Sheaves
QC/T 44 Vehicle-windshield window wiper of motor
QC/T 629 Automobile sun shield
QC/T 634 Vehicle water-heating air heater mechanism
QC/T 656 Performance requirements for automobile air conditioning and refrigeration equipment
QC/T 727 Instrument for automobile and motorcycle

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 6974.1 and GB/T 6974.2 and the following apply.

3.1
all terrain crane

mobile crane mounted on a special wheeled undercarriage with hydropneumatic suspension and featured by multiple axle steering, multiple axis driving, crab, etc., which can be driven on the road and has higher mobility than a automobile crane at the workplace

3.2
working conditions

different working conditions specified by the manufacturer

Note: The work conditions can be divided into driving conditions and lifting operation conditions according to the positioning situation, or into main jib work conditions and fly jib work conditions according to the configuration of the jib, of which the main jib working conditions can be further divided into basic jib work conditions, medium-long jib work conditions and full extended jib work conditions, and fly jib work conditions can be further divided into fixed jib work conditions and luffing jib (tower jib) work conditions (see Annex A).

3.3
superlift mechanism

mechanism with superlift jib boom and (or) superlift counterweight and auxiliary device, and capable of improving the jib force conditions, the complete machine stability, and the lifting performance

Notes:

1 It can be divided into a variety of types such as all terrain crane with additional jib boom and those with additional counterweight (see Annex B).

2 It is superlift work conditions when using the superlift mechanism.

 
3.4
hydropneumatic suspension

connection device between the undercarriage and axle, with hydraulic oil as the transmission medium and inert gas as the elastic medium, consisting of suspension cylinder, energy accumulator, thrust bar, flow distribution system, etc., which can moderate and attenuate the shock and vibration caused by the ground, and transmit force and moment at the same time

3.5
fixed jib

fly jib with the included angel between it and the main jib not changed during the lifting operation

3.6
luffing jib

fly jib with the included angel between it and the main jib changeable during the lifting operation

Note: For example, tower fly arm.

3.7
combined counterweight

counterweight that need to be disassembled and assembled according to the rated lifting capacity table before lifting operations

3.8
driver's cabin

driver's cab for crane running

3.9
operator' s cabin

driver's cab for lifting operations

Note: For some types of crane, crane running can also be controlled in the operator' s cabin.

 
3.10
driving state

state of the crane when driven on the road specified in the road motor vehicle product announcement

Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Technical requirements
5 Test methods
6 Inspection rules
7 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
Annex A (Informative) Main work state of all terrain crane
Annex B (Informative) Work State of all terrain crane with superlift mechanism
Annex C (Informative) Possible hazards of all terrain cranes