GB/T 39431-2020 in English
VALIDPlain bearings—Bearings containing dispersed solid lubricants
- Issued on:2020-11-19
- Implemented on:2021-06-01
- File Format:PDF
- Delivery:Via email within 1~3 business days
$214.00
《GB/T 39431-2020滑动轴承 含有分散固体润滑剂轴承》由TC236（全国滑动轴承标准化技术委员会）归口，主管部门为中国机械工业联合会。
Introduction
Analysis of the core content of the standard
| Technical dimensions | Features of this standard | Comparison with traditional bearings |
|---|---|---|
| Lubrication mechanism | Solid lubricant is evenly dispersed in the metal matrix to continuously form a lubricating film | Depends on grease lubrication or fluid dynamic pressure |
| Applicable temperature | -200℃~700℃ (depending on material combination) | Generally ≤150℃ |
| Motion form | Rotation/reciprocating/swinging/micromotion | Mainly rotation |
Key Technical Features
The standard defines bearings containing dispersed solid lubricants, which are manufactured through powder metallurgy process and have two typical structures:
- Single-layer type: solid lubricants are evenly distributed in the metal matrix (copper/nickel/iron-based alloy)
- Multi-layer type: a composite structure containing steel backing layer + sintered layer, divided into rolled sleeves and integral sleeves
Material Combination Specifications
Metal Matrix Selection
| Alloy Type | Representative Material | Temperature Range | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copper Base | Cu-Sn/Cu-Ni-Fe | -200~450℃ | General purpose, can be used in vacuum |
| Nickel-based | Ni-Cu-Fe | -200~600℃ | Excellent corrosion resistance |
| Iron-based | Fe-Cu/stainless steel | 0~700℃ | High temperature oxidation resistance |
Solid lubricant matching
According to the selection flow chart in Appendix A of the standard, the key matching principles include:
- Graphite (-120~600℃) is suitable for most air environments
- Molybdenum disulfide (-100~400℃) performs better in vacuum conditions
- Boron nitride (≤900℃) or polytetrafluoroethylene (-260~260℃) can be used for extreme temperatures
Key points for project implementation
Dimension tolerance control
Standard Table 5 gives the preferred size series of integral sleeves. Special attention should be paid to the following:
- The recommended inner diameter tolerance is C7, and the clearance with the shaft is D6-E6
- Thermal expansion needs to be compensated for in high temperature conditions, and the clearance should be increased by 20-30%
Installation and maintenance
According to the requirements of Chapter 8:
- Preferably use the press-in method for installation, and chamfering is required if the interference is greater than 0.03mm
- Liquid nitrogen cooling can be used for copper-based alloys (-196℃)
- Adding grease during operation is allowed to extend service life (optional)
Typical application cases
According to the industrial practice in Appendix B:
| Application areas | Recommended material combinations | Performance advantages |
|---|---|---|
| Vacuum coating equipment | Cu-Sn+Molybdenum disulfide | No outgassing pollution, friction coefficient <0.1 |
| Steel continuous casting machine | Fe-Cu+Graphite | Resistant to high temperature oxidation at 700℃ |
| Food machinery | Cu-Ni-Sn+PTFE | Meets FDA food safety requirements |
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