GB/T 43598-2023 in English
VALIDNanotechnology—Measurement for oxygen content and C/O of graphene powder—X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- Issued on:2023-12-28
- Implemented on:2024-07-01
- File Format:PDF
- Delivery:Via email within 5 business days
$301.00
《GB/T 43598-2023纳米技术 石墨烯粉体氧含量和碳氧比的测定 X射线光电子能谱法》由TC279（全国纳米技术标准化技术委员会）归口，主管部门为中国科学院。
Introduction
1. Background and significance of standard formulation
Due to its excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties, graphene materials have broad application prospects in lithium-ion batteries, integrated circuits, 5G communications and other fields. Oxygen content and carbon-oxygen ratio (C/O) are key indicators for evaluating the quality, reduction degree and application performance of graphene materials. With the rapid development of the graphene industry, there is an urgent need for accurate and reliable measurement methods.
2. Measurement principles and technical advantages
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) uses high-energy X-rays to excite photoelectrons on the surface of the sample and analyze their binding energy distribution to determine the elemental composition. Compared with other methods, XPS has the following significant advantages:
- High sensitivity: It can detect elemental contents as low as 100 micrograms/kilogram.
- No sample pretreatment required: Directly test the original sample, avoiding the complex sample preparation process.
- Fast analysis speed: A single test only takes a few minutes to complete the determination of oxygen content and C/O ratio.
- Low destructiveness: Low sample consumption, suitable for the analysis of precious samples.
3. Comparison of standard framework and technical indicators
| Standard dimensions | GB/T 43598—2023 | International similar standards |
|---|---|---|
| Scope of application | Graphene powder, graphene slurry and other carbon-based nanomaterials | XPS is widely used in nanomaterial analysis internationally |
| Detection sensitivity | Oxygen content: ≥100 μg/kg; C/O ratio: ±5% | International standards generally require that the oxygen content sensitivity is ≥100 μg/kg |
| Test time | Single test: ≤10 minutes | The average test time according to international standards is 8-15 minutes |
4. Implementation suggestions and precautions
Sample preparation:
- For GO samples, the vacuum drying temperature should be controlled below 60°C for no less than 3 hours.
- rGO samples can withstand higher temperatures (80-105°C), but care should be taken to avoid overheating to destroy functional groups.
Instrument calibration:
- Regularly calibrate the energy scale using Au, Ag, and Cu standard materials to ensure the accuracy of the test results.
- Maintain the background vacuum degree under vacuum better than 10^-6 Pa to reduce interference.
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