GB/T 4835-2008 in English

《GB/T 4835-2008辐射防护仪器 β、X和γ辐射周围和/或定向剂量当量（率）仪和/或监测仪》由TC30（全国核仪器仪表标准化技术委员会）归口，主管部门为国家标准化管理委员会。
本标准适用于测量由外部β、X 和γ辐射产生的周围剂量当量(率)和/或定向剂量当量(率)的剂量当量(率)仪和/或监测仪。
本标准直接适用于辐射防护目的的剂量当量(率)仪,该仪器用于确定能量高达10 MeV 的外部β和/或X 和γ辐射产生的剂量当量或剂量当量率。
在本标准中,当进行剂量当量测量和剂量当量率测量时,使用剂量当量(率)。
本标准的目的是规定用于确定周围剂量当量(率)和定向剂量当量(率)的剂量当量(率)仪的设计要求和性能特性。
本标准规定:
a) 剂量当量(率)仪的一般特性、功能和性能特性;
b) 满足本标准要求的试验方法。

This standard applies to dose equivalent (rate) meters and/or monitors for the measurement of ambient dose equivalent (rate) and/or directional dose equivalent (rate) from external beta, X and gamma radiation.
Note 1: The term dose equivalent may be used as an abbreviation of both ambient dose equivalent and directional dose equivalent.
This standard applies directly to dose equivalent (rate) meters intended for the determination of the dose equivalent or dose equivalent rate from external beta and/or X and gamma radiation of energies up to 10MeV for radiation protection purposes.
In this standard, the expression "dose equivalent (rate)" is used when the provisions apply to both the measurement of dose equivalent and the measurement of dose equivalent rate.
Note 2: This standard does not apply to medical radiology, where the conditions of radiation exposure may be extremely inhomogeneous, but precisely known.
Note 3: This standard does not apply directly to instruments intended to be worn by an individual for the purpose of estimating the radiation dose received by that individual.
The object of this standard is to specify the design requirements and the performance characteristics of dose equivalent (rate) meters intended for the determination of ambient dose equivalent (rate) and directional dose equivalent (rate).
Accordingly, this standard specifies:
a) General characteristics, the functions and performance characteristics of dose equivalent (rate) meters;
b) The methods of test to be used to determine compliance with the requirements of this standard.

Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
3.1 General
3.2 Terms of Radiation Protection Instruments
3.3 Test Terms
3.4 Quantities and Units
4 General Characteristics of Ambient and Directional Dose Equivalent (Rate) Meters
4.1 General Requirements
4.2 Classification of the Performance Characteristics
4.3 General Test Procedures
5 Radiation Characteristics—Directional Dose Equivalent (Rate) Meters
5.1 Relative Intrinsic Error
5.2 Variation of response with beta radiation energy and angle of incidence
5.3 Variation of Response with Photon Radiation Energy and Angle of Incidence
5.4 Overload Characteristics
5.5 Response to Neutron Radiation
5.6 Response to Pulsed Ionizing Radiation Fields
5.7 Statistical Fluctuation
5.8 Response Time
5.9 Interrelation between Response Time and Statistical Fluctuations
6 Radiation Characteristics—Ambient Dose Equivalent (Rate) Meters
6.1 Relative Intrinsic Error
6.2 Variation of Response with Photon Radiation Energy and Angle of Incidence
6.3 Overload Characteristics
6.4 Response to Neutron Radiation
6.5 Response to Pulsed Ionizing Radiation Fields
6.6 Statistical Fluctuations
6.7 Response Time
6.8 Interrelation between Response Time and Statistical Fluctuations
7 Electrical Characteristics of Directional and Ambient Dose Equivalent (Rate) Meters
7.1 Stability of Zero Indication with Time
7.2 Stability of Zero Indication with Variation of Temperature
7.3 Warm-up Time
7.4 Power Supplies—Battery Operation
7.5 Power Supplies—Mains Operation
8 Mechanical Characteristics of Directional and Ambient Dose Equivalent (Rate) Meters
8.1 Mechanical Shock
8.2 Orientation of Dose Equivalent (Rate) Meter (Geotropism)
9 Environmental Characteristics, Performance Requirements and Tests
9.1 Ambient Temperature Influence
9.2 Relative Humidity
9.3 Atmospheric Pressure
9.4 Sealing Against Moisture
9.5 Storage and Transport
9.6 Electromagnetic Compatibility
9.7 Vibration and Mechanical Shock
10 Summary of Characteristics
11 Documentation
11.1 Certificate
11.2 Operation and Maintenance Manual
Annex A (Normative) Statistical Fluctuations
Bibliography