Nuclear power air cooling

Nuclear power air cooling, Total:208 items.

The international standard classification for "Nuclear power air cooling" includes: Nuclear energy engineering , Reactor engineering , Aluminium products , Motors , Other iron and steel products , Products of non-ferrous metals , Refrigerating technology , Ventilators. Fans. Air-conditioners , Electromechanical components for electronic and telecommunications equipment , Nuclear power plants. Safety , Buildings and installations for processing and storage of agricultural produce , Internal combustion engines , Domestic electrical appliances in general , Equipment for the chemical industry .

The Chinese standard classification for "Nuclear power air cooling" includes: Power reactor , Other power equipment , Nuclear island of nuclear power plant , Heavy metals and their alloys , Refrigeration equipment , Household air conditioning and cooling appliances , Reliability and maintainability , Synchronous machine , Welding and cutting equipment , Cooling system and heating equipment , Compressor and fan , Electrical system and equipment , Chemical machinery .

工业和信息化部/国家能源局

JB/T 6723.4-2018 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines -Part 4: condensing engines fans-Test methods
JB/T 6723.1-2018 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines -Part 1:Metallic fans-Specification
JB/T 13232-2017 Air-cooling fan for power plant
JB/T 6723.3-2018 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines -Part 3:condensing engines fans -Specification

Group Standards of the People's Republic of China

T/CEEIA 489-2020 Class 1E cables for fourth generation nuclear power plant with high temperature gas-cooled reactor
T/ZGZS 0109-2024 Carbon emission accounting methods for the recycling and reuse of waste wind turbine blades
T/CEEIA 488-2020 Photovoltaic electrical cabinets—Method for the determination of forced air cooling
T/CAS 246-2016 Air-uniformlow-frost fridge freezer
T/ZZB 0099-2016 Axial fans for nuclear island of nuclear power plant
T/CNS 36-2020 Design criteria for the nuclear iosland HVAC system of high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plant
T/CNS 70-2022 Commissioning test guidelinefor helium circulator of high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plant
T/DXFFA 25-2024 Rotating cooling device for wind power flange production
T/CNS 28-2020 Nuclear design criteria for high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plant
T/GDFPMA 12-2022 Air-cooled screw chillers
T/JSQA 114-2021 Air cooled fin evaporator for household refrigerator
T/CNS 59-2022 Risk criteria for safety basis changes of high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plants
T/CEC 222-2019 Technical specification of coolant for wind turbine generator water cooling system
T/CNS 46-2020 Design criteria for the helium circulator of high temperature gascooled reactor nuclear power plant
T/TLRIA 0004-2018 O - rings for coolant pump of nuclear reactor
T/TSSP 034-2023 Cold-pressed walnut cakes
T/CNEA 002-2021 Guidelines for zinc addition in primary coolant of PWR
T/CIPR 052-2022 Automatic air-cooled wheel hub
T/CECPA 001-2020 Technical Requirement for Configuration Risk Management at Nuclear Power Plants
T/CIPR 111-2023 Automatically air-cooled wheel hubs
T/GDEACC 23-2020 Air-cooled refrigerator air duct efficiency test method
T/CECS 10013-2019 Two cooling source outdoor air handling unit
T/ZZB 007-2015 Centrifugal fans for nuclear island of nuclear power plant
T/ZZB 1976-2020 Liquid-cooled radiators for converter used in wind turbine generator system
T/ZZB 038-2015 Water chiller with the vapor compression cycle for nuclear power plant

中国气象局

QX/T 645-2022 Quality review and correction of wind measurement data of wind turbines

国家市场监督管理总局、中国国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T 22712-2021 Technical specification for G series cooling fans applying to variable frequency motors
GB/T 37579-2019 Aluminum alloy extruded tubes for non-nuclear grade nuclear power cooling systems

Professional Standard - Military and Civilian Products

WJ 2226-1994 General specification for cooling fans of air-cooled diesel engines

Professional Standard - Ferrous Metallurgy

YB/T 4233-2010 Snort valve for BF

Professional Standard - Energy

NB/T 25008-2011 Anticorrosion and Antifouling of Seawater Cooling System in Nuclear Power Plant
NB/T 20177-2012 Design Criteria for Component Cooling Water System of Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants
NB/T 20712-2023 Guidelines for zinc addition to primary coolant in pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants
NB/T 20113-2012 Technical Regulation for Construction of HVAC Installation in PWR Nuclear Power Plant
NB/T 25109-2020 Technical guidelines of flowrate balancing test for nuclear power plant ventilation system
NB/T 20664-2023 Technical Guidelines for Commissioning of Nuclear Island Cold Source System of Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants
NB/T 20613-2021 Technical guidelines for commissioning chilled water system of PWR nuclear power plant
NB/T 20094-2012 Containment Ventilation System of Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant
NB/T 20580.4-2021 Budget estimation norm of nuclear power plant construction project works Part 4: Ventilation and air-conditioning installation engineering for nuclearisland
NB/T 20307-2014 Technical code for environmental impact assessment of cooling tower in nuclear power plants
NB/T 20106-2012 Model Regulation of Cooling Water for Nuclear Power Plant
NB/T 20551-2019 Ice plug isolation of piping in nuclear power plant
NB/T 25103-2019 Guideline for commissioning generator cooling system of nuclear power plant（PWR）
NB/T 20663-2023 Technical regulations for the installation of ventilation systems for nuclear islands in pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants
NB/T 20039.18-2014 Code on nuclear air and gas treatment - Ventilation,air conditioning and air cleaning - Part 18:Refrigeration equipment
NB/T 20254-2013 Code for the Leakage Detection of Reactor Coolant System in Nuclear Power Plants
NB/T 20614-2021 Technical guideline of the ventilatior system for PWR nuclear power plant

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China

GB/T 23333-2009 Evaporative air cooler
GB/T 22712-2008 Specification for G series cooling fans applying to variable frequency motors
GB/T 12992-1991 Measuring methods of thermal characteristic for forced air cooling of electronic equipment
GB/T 41587-2022 Requirements for cold performance test before initial fuel loading of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants
GB/T 29363-2012 Water chiller with the vapor compression cycle for nuclear power plant
GB/T 44389-2024 Ice plug isolation of piping in nuclear power plant
GB/T 31977-2015 Seamless copper alloy tubes for nuclear power heat-exchanger
GB/T 22712-2021(英文版) Technical Specifications of G Series Cooling Fans for Variable Frequency Motors
GB/T 25142-2010 Air-cooled circulating cooling liquid refrigerating packages
GB/T 23333-2024 Evaporative air cooler

中华全国供销合作总社

GH/T 1239-2019 Air Precooler for Fruits and Vegetables

未注明发布机构

DIN 25496 E:2012-05 Ventilating components in nuclear facilities
CSA C22.2 No.47-2013(R2018) Air-cooled transformers (dry type)
CSA N290.2-2017 Requirements for emergency core cooling systems of nuclear power plants

Professional Standard - Machinery

JB/T 8588-1997 Safety Requirement for Cooling Fan of Welding Machine
JB/T 9099-2002 Axial flow fans for cooling tower
JB/T 12120-2015 Dry air-cooling bottom ash system
JB/T 6723.2-2008 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines-Part2:Technical requirements of plastic fan
JB/T 6723.1-1993 Cooling fans for internal combustion engines Part 1: Specifications for metal cooling fans
JB/T 6723.3-2008 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines—Part 3:Specifications for cooling fan of condensing engines
JB/T 6723.4-2008 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines—Part 4:Test method for cooling fan of condensing engines
JB/T 6723.3-1999 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines. Part 3: Specifications for cooling fan of condensing engines
JB/T 6723.2-2014 Cooling Fan for Internal Combustion Engines - Part2: Technical Requirements of Plastic Fan
JB/T 6723.4-1999 Cooling fan for intenal combustion engines - Part 4：Testing methods for cooling fan of condensing engines
JB/T 4303-1995 Terminology of Cooling and Warming Ventilation Equipment
JB/T 11419-2013 Technical Specification for Evaporative Condensator Cooling Fan
JB/T 6723.1-2008 Cooling fan for internal combustion engines-Part 1:Technical requirements of metallic fan
JB/T 6723.2-1993 Cooling fans for internal combustion engines Part II: Specifications for plastic cooling fans
JB/T 9099-2014 Axial Flow Fans for Cooling Tower

机械工业部

JB 8588-1997 Safety requirements for cooling fans for electric welding machines

Professional Standard - Light Industry

QB/T 4676-2014 Cooling Pad for Evaporative Air Coolers

Professional Standard - Aviation

HB 7256-1995 Ambient Temperature and Height Range of Aircrafts Self Cooling and Air Cooling Electrical Equipments

国家能源局

NB/T 20358.6-2018 Cost estimation of nuclear power plant construction project Part 6: Ventilation and air-conditioning installation engineering for nuclear island
NB/T 20358.5-2015 Nuclear power plant construction project budget quota Part 5: Nuclear island ventilation and air conditioning installation project
NB/T 20417-2017 Fire dampers for nuclear power plant venting and smoke-venting system
NB/T 25060-2016 Technical specification of cold workshops for PWR nuclear power plant

Professional Standard - Electricity

DL/T 1128-2021 Air-cooled dry bottom ash conveyor
DL/T 1128-2009 Air-cooled steel-belt slag conveyor

工业和信息化部

JB/T 13596-2018 Tractors——Fan

Professional Standard - Chemical Industry

HG/T 3132-2007 L type cooling tower fan
HG/T 3132-1998 L type cooling tower fan

Professional Standard - Nuclear Industry

EJ/T 886-1994 Nuclear grade fan design general rules
EJ/T 886-2006 Code on design of safety-related fan
EJ/T 470-1999 Specification for cold rolled GH4169A alloy strip for pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants

Professional Standard - Commodity Inspection

SN/T 1669-2005 Rules for the inspection of electric cooling fans of automobile for import and export

Military Standard of the People's Republic of China-General Armament Department

GJB 2882-1997 General specifications for ventilation and cooling systems for airborne electronic equipment

ESDU - Engineering Sciences Data Unit

ESDU 94043-1994 Selection and costing of heat exchangers. Air-cooled type.

GSO

OS GSO 316:1994 Air-cooled electric motors.
GSO 316:1994 Air-cooled electric motors.
GSO 315:1994 Methods of test for air-cooled electric motors.
OS GSO 315:1994 Methods of test for air-cooled electric motors.

Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS)

KS B 6272-2002(2022) Remote mechanical－draft air－cooled refrigerant condenser
KS B 6272-2002(2017) Remote mechanical－draft air－cooled refrigerant condenser
KS B 6272-2022 Remote mechanical－draft air－cooled refrigerant condenser

ASHRAE - American Society of Heating@ Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers@ Inc.

ASHRAE SA-96-7-2-1996 High-Efficiency Refrigeration Fan Motors
ASHRAE 4443-2001 Nucleate Boiling of Halocarbon Refrigerants: Heat Transfer Correlations (International Journal of Heating@ Ventilating@ Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Research)
ASHRAE 20-1970 Methods of Testing for Rating Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Condensers
ASHRAE 20 ERTA-2014 Method of Testing for Rating Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Condensers
ASHRAE 20-2019 Methods of Laboratory Testing Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Condensers
ASHRAE 4574-2002 Control of Air-Cooled Chiller Condenser Fans Using Clustering Neural Networks
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IP CH 22-2008 AIR-COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING COILS
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT SI CH 21-2000 Air-Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IP CH 21-1996 Air-Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IP CH 21-2004 Air-Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT SI CH 22-2008 AIR-COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING COILS
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT SI CH 23-2012 AIR-COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING COILS
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT SI CH 21-2004 Air-Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT SI CH 21-1996 Air-Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IP CH 21-2000 Air-Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils
ASHRAE HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IP CH 23-2012 AIR-COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING COILS
ASHRAE 20-1997 Method of Testing for Rating Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Condensers (Errata: 05/03/2006)

SCC

AHRI 460-2000 Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Condensers
CSA N290.19-2018(R2023) Risk-informed decision making for nuclear power plants
ANS 2.3-1983(R2009) Standard for Estimating Tornado and Extreme Wind Characteristics at Nuclear Power Sites
MIL MIL-DTL-62062E-2010 Blower, Generator Cooling: 28 Volt DC
CSA N290.2-2011 Requirements for emergency core cooling systems of nuclear power plants
SPC GB/T 37579-2019 Aluminum alloy extruded tubes for non-nuclear grade nuclear power cooling systems (TEXT OF DOCUMENT IS IN CHINESE)
CSA C22.2 No.47-1961 Air-Cooled Transformers (Dry Type)
CSA C22.2 No.47-1977 Air-Cooled Transformers (Dry Type)
CAN/CSA C22.2 No.47-M90-1990(R2012) Air-Cooled Transformers (Dry Type)
CAN/CSA C22.2 No.47-2013(R2023) Air-Cooled Transformers (Dry Type)
AS C332.2:1963 Specification for dimensions of 3-phase electric motors - Totally-enclosed fan-cooled motors
BS 2960-2:1960 Dimensions of 3-phase electric motors. Totally-enclosed fan-cooled motors
MIL MIL-DTL-62062D-1998 BLOWER, GENERATOR COOLING: 28 VOLT DC (SUPERSEDING MIL-PRF-62062C)
ASME RA-S-1.4-2013 Probabilistic Risk Assessment Standard for Advanced Non-LWR Nuclear Power Plants
AHRI 490-2003 Remote Mechanical-Draft Evaporative Refrigerant Condensers
ANS 2.3-2011(R2021) Estimating Tornado, Hurricane, and Extreme Straight Line Wind Characteristics at Nuclear Facility Sites

IAEA - International Atomic Energy Agency

SSG-13-2011 Chemistry Programme for Water Cooled Nuclear Power Plants

SAE - SAE International

SAE J2873-2016 Electric Drive Cooling Fan Motor Mounting

Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

SAE J2873-2010 Electric Drive Cooling Fan Motor Mounting

American National Standards Institute （ANSI)

ANSI/ANS 53.1-2011 Nuclear Safety Design Process for Modular Helium-Cooled Reactor Plants
ANSI/AHRI 460-2005 Performance Rating of Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Condensers
ANSI/ASHRAE 20-2019 Methods of Laboratory Testing Remote Mechanical-Draft Air-Cooled Refrigerant Condensers
ANSI/ASME ANS RA-S-1.4-2021 Probabilistic Risk Assessment Standard for Advanced Non- Light Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants
ANSI/ANS 2.3-2011 Estimating Tornado, Hurricane, and Extreme Straight Line Wind Characteristics at Nuclear Facility Sites

ANS - American Nuclear Society

2.3-1983 STANDARD FOR ESTIMATING TORNADO AND EXTREME WIND CHARACTERISTICS AT NUCLEAR POWER SITES
59.1-1979 SAFETY RELATED COOLING WATER SYSTEMS IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

ASME RA-S-2002-2002 Standard for Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Nuclear Power Plant Applications
ASME RA-S-2002 ADD A-2003 Standard for Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Nuclear Power Plant Applications
ASME RA-S-2002 ADD C-2007 STANDARD FOR PROBABILISTIC RISK ASSESSMENT FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT APPLICATIONS
ASME RA-S-2002 Probalistic risk assessment for nuclear power plant applications
ASME RA-S-2002 ADD B-2005 Standard for Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Nuclear Power Plant Applications
ASME RA-Sa Addenda-2003 Standard for Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Nuclear Power Plant Applications
ASME PTC 30-1991(R2021) Air Cooled Heat Exchangers
ASME ANS RA-S-1.4-2021 Probabilistic Risk Assessment Standard for Advanced Non- Light Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants
ASME RA-Sa Addenda-2009 Probalistic risk assessment for nuclear power plant applications; Addenda

U.S. Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (US-AHRI)

AHRI 460-2005 PERFORMANCE RATING OF REMOTE MECHANICAL- DRAFT AIR-COOLED REFRIGERANT CONDENSERS

US-FCR

FCR FED H-08-4 VOL 3 SEC II 613.1-1988 RECIPROCATING CHILLER UNIT AND REMOTE AIR COOLED CONDENSER & PACKAGE AIR COOLED RECIPROCATING CHILLER UNIT
FCR AF M88-8 CHAP 2-1982 MECHANICAL REFRIGERATION AND VENTILATION IN COLD-STORAGE FACILITIES
FCR FED H-08-4 VOL 3 SEC II 670.0-1988 PACKAGE AIR COOLED WATER CHILLER UNIT CONTROLS & TWO PIPE FAN COIL UNIT CONTROLS
FCR FED H-08-4 VOL 3 SEC II 651.5-1988 TYPICAL WATER PIPING CONNECTIONS TO AIR COOLED WATER CHILLER
FCR AF M88-8 CHAP 2 CHANGE 1-1984 MECHANICAL REFRIGERATION AND VENTILATION IN COLD-STORAGE FACILITIES
FCR FED H-08-4 VOL 3 SEC II 613.3-1988 AIR COOLED CONDENSING UNIT & DIRECT EXPANSION COIL
FCR NAV P-704.0-1982 HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING HANDBOOK

GM Europe

GME 12513-2007 Electrical Fans for Engine Cooling (English/German; This specification may be applied only for current projects incl. Global Epsilon e (37##). It is Superceded for all future projects and replaced by GMW14328.)
GME L/R-6K01-2-2007 Electric cooling fan noise survey (English/German)

CZ-CSN

CSN 35 0019 Cast.06-1979 Electrical rotating machines.Methods for determining quantity ofcooling gas

U.S. Military Regulations and Norms

ARMY MIL-DTL-62062 D-1998 BLOWER, GENERATOR COOLING: 28 VOLT DC
ARMY MIL-DTL-62062 E-2010 BLOWER, GENERATOR COOLING: 28 VOLT DC

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

ASTM F3255-19 Standard Specification for Rapid Pull Down Refrigerators (Blast Chillers), Freezers (Blast Freezers), Combination Refrigerator/Freezer (Blast Chiller/Freezers), and Quick Chillers for Commercial Use

IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers@ Inc.

IEEE 1819-2016 Risk-Informed Categorization and Treatment of Electrical and Electronic Equipment at Nuclear Power Generating Stations and Other Nuclear Facilities

RO-ASRO

STAS 12781-1989 Ventilation and climatization plants WATER COOLING BATTERIES THERMAL POWER DETERMINATION
STAS 10343-1975 Refrigerating equipment AIR-COOLED CONDENSERS Basic parametres

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISO/CD 16659-2:2024 Ventilation systems for nuclear facilities
ISO 18195:2019 Method for the justification of fire partitioning in water cooled nuclear power plants (NPP)
ISO 15080:2001 Nuclear facilities - Ventilation penetrations for shielded enclosures

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)

ASHRAE SYSTEMS AND EQUIP SI CH 23-2012 AIR-COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING COILS
ASHRAE SYSTEMS AND EQUIP IP CH 23-2012 AIR-COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING COILS
ASHRAE OR-05-1-1-2005 Design of Air-Cooled R-410A Microchannel Condensers

British Standards Institution (BSI)

BS ISO 18195:2019 Method for the justification of fire partitioning in water cooled nuclear power plants (NPP)

German Institute for Standardization

DIN 25476:2023-03 Primary-coolant clean-up system in nuclear power plants with light water reactors
DIN 25496:1992 Ventilating components in nuclear facilities
DIN 25496:2013 Ventilating components in nuclear facilities
DIN 25496:2013-04 Ventilating components in nuclear facilities

Association Francaise de Normalisation

NF M60-902*NF ISO 18195:2019 Method for the justification of fire partitioning in water cooled nuclear power plants (NPP)

Defense Logistics Agency

DLA QPL-23071-25 NOTICE 1-2008 Blowers, Miniature, for Cooling Electronic Equipment General Specification for
DLA A-A-50506 A VALID NOTICE 1-2001 FAN, TUBEAXIAL, MINIATURE, FOR COOLING ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
DLA A-A-50506 A VALID NOTICE 2-2006 FAN, TUBEAXIAL, MINIATURE, FOR COOLING ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT
DLA A-A-50506 A-1982 FAN, TUBEAXIAL, MINIATURE, FOR COOLING ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC)

JIS B 8617:1994 Remote mechanical-draft air-cooled refrigerant condenser

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

IEEE Std 1819-2016 IEEE Standard for Risk-Informed Categorization and Treatment of Electrical and Electronic Equipment at Nuclear Power Generating Stations and Other Nuclear Facilities
IEEE P535/D1-2, April 2022 IEEE Draft Standard for Qualification of Class 1E Vented Lead Acid Storage Batteries for Nuclear Power Generating Stations
IEEE P1819/D7, September 2015 IEEE Draft Standard for Risk-Informed Categorization and Treatment of Electrical and Electronic Equipment at Nuclear Power Generating Stations and Other Nuclear Facilities

IN-BIS

IS 6272-1971 Specification for industrial cooling fans (MAN coolers)
IS 10470-1983 Specifications for air-cooled heat exchangers

United States Navy

NAVY MIL-B-23071 C (3)-1993 BLOWERS, MINIATURE, FOR COOLING ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR
NAVY MIL-B-23071 C-1983 BLOWERS, MINIATURE, FOR COOLING ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR
NAVY MIL-B-23071 C VALID NOTICE 1-1991 BLOWERS, MINIATURE, FOR COOLING ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR
NAVY MS3364 REV A NOTICE 1-1996 GENERATOR, DIRECT CURRENT, 400 AMPERE CLASS A, BLAST COOLED, 3000-8000 RPM

Canadian Standards Association (CSA)

CSA N290.0/N290.2-2011 General requirements for safety systems of nuclear power plants / Requirements for emergency core cooling systems of nuclear power plants (First Edition)

DIN

DIN 25476:2023 Primary-coolant clean-up system in nuclear power plants with light water reactors

BELST

STB 2335-2013 Nuclear power plants. Safety. Method of threat analysis and estimation of safety violation risks of nuclear power plant computer systems