Acid-base titration reagent

Acid-base titration reagent, Total:201 items.

The international standard classification for "Acid-base titration reagent" includes: Surface active agents , Alcohols. Ethers , Chemical reagents , Workplace atmospheres , Chemical analysis , Examination of water for chemical substances , Petroleum products in general .

The Chinese standard classification for "Acid-base titration reagent" includes: Basic standards and general methods for surface active agent , Tooth paste, soap and detergent , Chemical reagent in general , Labor sanitation , Analysis methods for toxic substances in water , Petroleum products in general , General organic chemicals , General inorganic reagent .

Professional Standard - Water Conservancy

SL 83-1994 Determination of alkalinity、bicarbonate and carbonate (Acid titration method)
SL 82-1994 Determination of acidity (Base titration method)

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China

GB/T 604-2002 Chemical reagent--General method for the determination of pH ranges corresponding the colour transition of acid-base indicators
GB/T 13216.9-1991 Test methods for glycerines--Determination of acidity or alkalinity--Titrimetric method
GB 9736-1988 General method for the determination of acidity and alkalinity of chemical reagents
GB/T 7378-2012 Surface active agents - Determination of alkalinity - Titrimetric method
GB/T 16106-1995 Workplace air--Determination of sodium hydroxide--Acidimetric method
GB/T 6365-2006 Surface active agents - Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity - Titrimetric method
GB/T 9736-1988 Chemical reagent-General method for the determination of acidity and alkalinity
GB/T 7378-1996 active agents-Determination of alkalinity-Titrimetric method
GB/T 6365-1986 Surface active agents; Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity; Titrimetric method
GB 6365-1986 Surface active agents－Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity－Titrimetric method
GB/T 9736-2008 Chemical reagent - General method for the determination of acidity and alkalinity

Professional Standard - Ferrous Metallurgy

YB/T 4532-2016 Ferrophosphorus. Determination of phosphorus content. Acid-base titration method

Group Standards of the People's Republic of China

T/BHES 2-2023 Water quality―Determination of total alkalinity,carbonate and bicarbonate―Automatic potentiometric titration
T/HNNMIA 49-2023 Determination of mercury content in acid sludge - Copper reagent titration method
T/QAS 068-2021 Determination of total alkalinity of brine by hydrochloric acid titration
T/CRIAC 0061-2021 Chemical reagent—Lead hydroxide acetate
T/CRIAC 0054-2021 Chemical reagent—Lead hydroxide carbonate
T/SDFA 002.1-2020 Fermented Feed Raw Materials Part 1 Determination of Total Acids - Acid-Base Titration

Yunnan Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

DB53/T 918-2019 Determination of sulfuric acid content in ferric zinc sulfate solution by acid-base titration

Professional Standard - Aviation

HB 7064.6-1994 Method of chemical analysis in salt bath for heat treatment of metals - Determination of total alkalinity by acid-base titration

Professional Standard - Petrochemical Industry

SH/T 0688-2000 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of base number - Potentiometric titration method
SH/T 0251-1993 Determination of base number of petroleum products (perchloric acid potentiometric titration method)
SH/T 0251-1992 Determination of base number of petroleum products (perchloric acid potentiometric titration)

Professional Standard - Commodity Inspection

SN/T 0839.2-1999 Industrial glycerines for import and export—Determination of alkalinity or acidity—Titrimetric method

Professional Standard - Environmental Protection

HJ 675-2013 Determination of nitrogen oxide emissions from stationary sources by acid-base titration method

Professional Standard - Chemical Industry

HG/T 4015-2008 Chemical reagent.General method for the determination of pH ranges corresponding the colour transition of acid-base indicators

Professional Standard - Rare Earth

XB/T 601.1-1993 Lanthanum hexaboride chemical analysis method Determination of boron content by acid-base titration

PL-PKN

PN C04530-04-1992 Chemical analysis Preparation of titrants and solvents The titrants for acid-base titration in non-aqueous systems
PN C04540-03-1990 Water and waste water Tests for pH, acidity and alkalinity Determination of minera? and total acidity and alkalinity with titration indicator method
PN C80560-1955 REAGENTS BASIC NICKEL CARBONATE
PN C04049-1988 Petroleum products Determination of acid and basie number by potentiometric titration method
PN BN 6191-09-1964 Testing agent. Basic magnesium carbonate
PN BN 6191-52-1965 Testing agent. Basic copper sulfate
PN C04066-1985 Petroleum products Determination of acid and base number and acidity by colour indicator titration method
PN C04540-02-1990 Water and waste water Tests for pH, acidity and alkalinity Determination of minera? and total icidity and alkalinity by potentiometric titration method

Gosstandart of Russia

GOST 25794.1-1983 Reagents. Methods of preparation of standard volumetric solutions for acid-base titration
GOST 32328-2013 Petroleum products and lubricants. Determination of acid and base numbers by color-indicator titration
GOST 11840-1976 Reagents. Basic lead carbonate. Specifications
GOST 30050-1993 Petroleum products. Total base number. Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
GOST ISO 3771-2013 Petroleum products. Determination of base number method potentiometric titration with perchloric acid

American National Standards Institute （ANSI)

ANSI/ASTM D974:2006 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

ASTM D974-07 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-02 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-22 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-08 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-97 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-21 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-06 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-12 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-11 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-04 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-08e1 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-02e1 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-01 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-14 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-14e1 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D974-14e2 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
ASTM D8126-21 Standard Test Method for Efficient Basicity Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
ASTM RR-D02-1217 1987 D4739-Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
ASTM RR-D02-1638 2008 D4739-Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
ASTM D4739-23 Standard Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
ASTM D4739-11(2017) Standard Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
ASTM RR-D02-1862 2017 D8126-Standard Test Method For Organic Basicity Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
ASTM D4471-18 Standard Test Method for Pyridine Bases in Cresylic Acid by Direct Titration
ASTM D4471-00 Standard Test Method for Pyridine Bases in Cresylic Acid by Direct Titration
ASTM D4471-22 Standard Test Method for Pyridine Bases in Cresylic Acid by Direct Titration
ASTM D4471-00(2004) Standard Test Method for Pyridine Bases in Cresylic Acid by Direct Titration
ASTM D2896-21 Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
ASTM D2896-05 Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
ASTM RR-D02-1011 1974 D2876-Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
ASTM RR-D02-1237 1988 D2896-Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
ASTM D2896-06 Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
ASTM RR-D02-1345 1994 D2896-Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
ASTM D2896-11 Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
ASTM D2896-01e1 Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration

Kingdom of Bahrain Testing and Metrology Directorate

BH GSO ASTM D974:2022 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
BH GSO ISO 4315:2016 Surface active agents -- Determination of alkalinity -- Titrimetric method
BH GSO ISO 1692:2017 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use -- Determination of total alkalinity -- Titrimetric method
BH GSO ISO 3771:2022 Petroleum products — Determination of base number — Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
BH GSO 1206:2023 Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration

GCC Standardization Organization

GSO ASTM D974:2021 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
GSO ASTM D974:2024 Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
GSO ISO 4315:2015 Surface active agents -- Determination of alkalinity -- Titrimetric method
GSO ISO 6618:2008 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Colour-indicator titration method
GSO ISO 1692:2016 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use -- Determination of total alkalinity -- Titrimetric method
GSO 1075:2002 DETERMINATION OF ACID AND BASE NUMBER IN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS BY COLOUR — INDICATOR TITRATION
GSO ISO 3771:2021 Petroleum products — Determination of base number — Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
GSO ISO 6121:2015 Surface active agents -- Technical alkane sulfonates -- Determination of alkane monosulfonates content by direct two-phase titration
GSO ISO 740:2015 Sodium carbonate for industrial use -- Determination of total soluble alkalinity -- Titrimetric method
GSO 1206:2022 Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration

Standard Association of Australia （SAA）

AS 3550.3:1992 Waters - Determination of alkalinity - Acidimetric titration method
AS 2449:1981 Waters - Determination of alkalinity - Acidimetric titration method

YU-JUS

JUS H.G8.011-1980 Reagents. Hydrochloric acid. Determination of total acidity. Titrimetric method
JUS H.G8.027-1981 Reagents. Sulphuric acid. Determination of total acidity. Titrimetric method
JUS H.G8.393-1989 Reagents. Nitric aci?. Determination of total acidity. Titrimetric raethod
JUS H.E8.049-1991 Surface setive agents. Determlnatlon of alkalinltj, Titrimetrlc uetho?
JUS H.G8.048-1982 Reagents. Silver nitrate. Determination of silver nitrate content. Potentiometric method
JUS H.G8.330-1987 Reagents. Ammonium acetate. Measurement of pH. Potentiometric method
JUS H.G8.017-1980 Reagents. Hydrochloric acid. Determination ofnilphites oontent. Iodimetric method
JUS H.G8.141-1985 Reagents. Ammonium sulphate. Measurementof pH. Potentiometric method

The Directorate General of Specifications and Metrology (DGSM)

OS GSO 1075:2002 DETERMINATION OF ACID AND BASE NUMBER IN PETROLEUM PRODUCTS BY COLOUR — INDICATOR TITRATION
OS GSO ISO 4314:2015 Surface active agents -- Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity -- Titrimetric method
OS GSO ISO 1692:2016 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use -- Determination of total alkalinity -- Titrimetric method
OS GSO ISO 740:2015 Sodium carbonate for industrial use -- Determination of total soluble alkalinity -- Titrimetric method
OS GSO ISO 9455-3:2013 Soft soldering fluxes -- Test methods -- Part 3: Determination of acid value, potentiometric and visual titration methods

VN-TCVN

TCVN 2695-2008 Petroleum products.Determination of acid and base number.Color-indicator titration method
TCVN 1272-1986 Reagents and super pura chemicals.Complexometric method for determination of basic matters content

Association Francaise de Normalisation

NF ISO 22146:2019 Carbonated basic mineral amendments - Determination of reactivity - Automatic titration method with citric acid
NF EN 16357:2013 Carbonated basic mineral amendments - Determination of reactivity - Automatic titration method with citric acid
NF T73-205:1977 Surface active agents. Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity. Titrimetric method.
NF EN 13971:2020 Basic carbonate and silicate mineral amendments - Determination of reactivity - Potentiometric titration method with hydrochloric acid
NF T60-112*NF ISO 6618:1997 Petroleum products and lubricants. Determination of acid or base number. Colour-indicator titration method.
NF T73-204:1977 Surface active agents. Determination of alcalinity. Titrimetric method.
NF ISO 6618:1997 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of the acid number or the base number - Titration method in the presence of a colored indicator
NF T73-282*NF EN 13716:2002 Surface active agents - Determination of total base nitrogen - Potentiometric titration.
NF EN 13716:2002 Surfactants - Determination of total basic nitrogen content - Potentiometric titration
NF EN ISO 9455-3:2020 Soft soldering flux - Test methods - Part 3: determination of acid number by potentiometric and visual titration methods

Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS)

KS M ISO 4314-2003(2018) Surface active agents－Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 4314-2023 Surface active agents－Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 4314-2003(2023) Surface active agents－Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 4314:2003 Surface active agents－Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 6618-2003(2023) Petroleum products and lubricants - Acid/base value test methods - Color indicator titration method
KS M ISO 6618-2003(2018) Petroleum products and lubricants - Acid/base value test methods - Color indicator titration method
KS M ISO 6618:2003 Petroleum products and lubricants－Determination of acid or base number－Colour-indicator titration method
KS M ISO 4315:2003 Surface active agents－Determination of alkalinity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 4315-2003(2023) Surface active agents－Determination of alkalinity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 4315-2003(2018) Surface active agents－Determination of alkalinity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 4315-2023 Surface active agents－Determination of alkalinity－Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 1692-2017 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use — Determination of total alkalinity — Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 1692-2017(2022) Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use — Determination of total alkalinity — Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 1692-2022 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use — Determination of total alkalinity — Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 1692:2012 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use-Determination of total alkalinity-Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 1692:2017 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use — Determination of total alkalinity — Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 3771-2012(2017) Petroleum products－Determination of base number－Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
KS M ISO 3771-2022 Petroleum products－Determination of base number－Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
KS M ISO 740-2024 Sodium carbonate for industrial use — Determination of total soluble alkalinity — Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 3771-2012(2022) Petroleum products－Determination of base number－Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
KS M ISO 740-2019 Sodium carbonate for industrial use — Determination of total soluble alkalinity — Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 3771:2012 Petroleum products－Determination of base number－Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
KS M ISO 740:2004 Sodium carbonate for industrial use-Determination of total soluble alkalinity-Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 740-2019(2024) Sodium carbonate for industrial use — Determination of total soluble alkalinity — Titrimetric method
KS M ISO 740:2019 Sodium carbonate for industrial use — Determination of total soluble alkalinity — Titrimetric method

Spanish Association for Standardization (UNE)

UNE 55540:1979 SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS. DETERMINATION OF FREEE ALKALINITY OR FREE ACIDITY. TITRIMETRIC METHOD
UNE 55531:1979 SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS. DETERMINATION OF ALKALINITY. TITRIMETRIC METHOD
UNE 55627:1983 SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS. SODIUM AND POTASSIUM SILICATES TO BE USED AS RAW-MATERIALS IN DETERGENT FORMULATIONS. DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ALKALINITY. TITRIMETRIC METHOD
UNE 55581:1980 SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS. SODIUM CARBONATE FOR USE AS RAW-MATERIAL IN DETERGENT FORMULATIONS. DETERMINATION OF TOTAL SOLUBLE ALKALINITY. TITRIMETRIC METHOD
UNE 30134:1960 ANALYSIS REAGENTS. LEAD BASIC ACETATE.
UNE-EN 13716:2002 Surface active agents - Determination of total base nitrogen - Potentiometric titration.
UNE 30130:1960 ANALYSIS REAGENTS. LEAD BASIC CARBONATE.
UNE-EN ISO 9455-3:2020 Soft soldering fluxes - Test methods - Part 3: Determination of acid value, potentiometric and visual titration methods (ISO 9455-3:2019)

BE-NBN

NBN T 63-131-1980 Surface active agents - DEermination of free alkalinity or free acidity - Titrimetric method
NBN T 63-132-1980 Surface active agents - Deermination of alkalin:ty - Titrimetric method
NBN T 03-237-1980 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use - DEtermination of total alkalinity - Titrimetric method
NBN T 04-162-1983 Glycerines for industrial use- Determination of alkalinity or acidity-Titrimetric méthod
NBN T 03-107-1979 Sodium carbonate for industrial use - Determination of total soluble alkalinity - Titrimetric method
NBN T 52-112-1976 Determination of total base number of petroleum pro-ducts by potentiometric perchloric acid titration

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISO 4314:1977 Surface active agents; Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity; Titrimetric method
ISO 6618:1997 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Coulour-indicator titration method
ISO 1615:1976 Glycerines for industrial use; Determination of alkalinity or acidity; Titrimetric method
ISO 4315:1977 Surface active agents; Determination of alkalinity; Titrimetric method
ISO 23774:2023 Pulps — Kraft liquor — Determination of total, active and effective alkali using potentiometric titration
ISO 1692:1976 Sodium and potassium silicates for industrial use; Determination of total alkalinity; Titrimetric method
ISO 6618:1999/Cor 1:1999 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Coulour-indicator titration method; Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 3771:2011 Petroleum products - Determination of base number - Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
ISO 740:1976 Sodium carbonate for industrial use; Determination of total soluble alkalinity; Titrimetric method
ISO 3771:1977 Petroleum products; Total base number; Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
ISO 3771:1994 Petroleum products - Determination of base number - Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
ISO 23772:2023 Pulps — Kraft liquor — Determination of residual alkali using potentiometric titration

German Institute for Standardization

DIN ISO 6618:2015-07 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Colour-indicator titration method (ISO 6618:1997)
DIN ISO 6618 E:2012-11 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Colour-indicator titration method
DIN EN 12945 A1 E:2015-02 Determination of the neutralization value of calcium and magnesium fertilizers - Acid-base titration method
DIN ISO 6618:2015 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Colour-indicator titration method (ISO 6618:1997)
DIN ISO 6618 E:2012 Draft Document - Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Colour-indicator titration method (ISO 6618:1997)
DIN EN 13716:2003-05 Surface active agents - Determination of total base nitrogen - Potentiometric titration; German version EN 13716:2001
DIN ISO 3771:1985 Petroleum products; total base number; perchloric acid potentiometric titration method

Bureau of Indian Standards

IS 1448-188-2021 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS AND LUBRICANTS DETERMINATION OF ACID OR BASE NUMBER COLOUR-INDICATOR TITRATION METHOD

Swedish Institute for Standards

SS-ISO 6618:1997 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determinationof acid or base number - Colour-indicator titration method
SS-EN 17042:2018 Fertilizers - Determination of boron in concentrations > 10 % using acidimetric titration
SS 155157:1979 Petroleum products - Total base number - Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method

Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione

UNI 24004:1993 Surface active agents and detergents. Determination of free alcalinity or free acidity. Titrimetric method.
UNI ISO 6293-2:2001 Petroleum products - Determination of saponification number - Potentiometric titration method
UNI 20002:1989 Petroleum products and lubricants. Total base number of petroleum products by potentiometric perchloric acid titration.
UNI EN ISO 9455-3:1996 Soft soldering fluxes. Test methods. Determination of acide value, potentiometric and visual titration methods.
UNI ISO 6293-1:2001 Petroleum products - Determination of saponification number - Colour- indicator titration method
UNI EN ISO 9455-3:2020 Soft soldering fluxes - Test methods - Part 3: Determination of acid value, potentiometric and visual titration methods

CZ-CSN

CSN 68 4065-1983 Pure chemicals. Preparation of measuring solutions for acid-base titrations
CSN 68 1152-1994 Testing methods for surfactans and detergents. Surface active agents. Determination of free alkalinity or free acidity. itrimetric method
CSN ISO 1615:1994 Glycerines for industrial use.Determination of alkalinity or acidity.Titrimetric method

British Standards Institution (BSI)

BS 2834:1957 Determination of acid and base numbers (neutralization value) of petroleum products by colour indicator titration
BS EN ISO 9455-3:2020 Soft soldering fluxes. Test methods - Determination of acid value, potentiometric and visual titration methods
BS ISO 3771:2011 Petroleum products. Determination of base number. Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
BS 2000-139:1998 Methods of test for petroleum and its products - Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid or base number - Colour-indicator titration method

Standards Norway

NS 9035:1981 Glycerines for industrial use — Determination of alkalinity or acidity — Titrimetric method

Danish Standards Foundation

DS/EN 13716:2002 Surface active agents - Determination of total base nitrogen - Potentiometric titration
DANSK DS/ISO 3771:2011 Petroleum products - Determination of base number - Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method
DS/ISO 3771:2011 Petroleum products - Determination of base number - Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method

SE-SIS

SIS SS 15 51 57-1979 Petroleum products — Total base number Perchloric acid potentiometric titration method

Lithuanian Standards Office

LST EN 13716-2002 Surface active agents - Determination of total base nitrogen - Potentiometric titration

TH-TISI

TIS 1817-1999 Petroleum products.determination of base number.perchloric acid potentiometric titration method

Others: Standard Test Method for pH Value by Color Indicator Titration,Standard Test Method for pH Value by Color Indicator Titration,Determination of the amount of carbonate by acid-base titration,General principles of potentiometric titration with chemical reagents,Determination of boron by acid-base titration,Acid-base titration,Acid-base titration method,Acid-base titration,Acid-base potentiometric titration,acid-base titration,Reagent titration,Reagent titration,Acids and bases in organic reagents,Titration reagent,Automatic acid-base titration,Titration reagent,Acid-base titration reagent,pH value using color indicator titration,Preparation of Standard Titration Solutions of Chemical Reagents