In atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomizer and graphite

In atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomizer and graphite, Total:200 items.

The international standard classification for "In atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomizer and graphite" includes: Chemical reagents , Non-metalliferous minerals , Chemical technology (Vocabularies) , Iron ores , Manganese ores , Inorganic chemicals in general , Rubber , Cadmium, cobalt and their alloys , Occupational safety. Industrial hygiene .

The Chinese standard classification for "In atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomizer and graphite" includes: Chemical reagent in general , Metallurgical auxiliary material ore , Basic standards and general methods , Iron ore , Inorganic chemicals in general , Rubber products in general , Basic standards and general methods , Heavy metals and their alloys analysis method , Labor sanitation , Basic standards and general methods .

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China

GB/T 4470-1998 Analytical spectroscopic methods-Flame emission,atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence-Vocabulary
GB/T 6730.55-2019 Iron ores-Determination of tin content-Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.36-2016 Iron ores―Determination of copper content―Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.59-2005 Iron ores—Determination of manganese content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.58-2004 Iron ores—Determination of vanadium content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods
GB/T 13253-1991 Vulcanized rubber-Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method-Determination of manganese content
GB/T 9723-2007 Chemical Reagent - General Rule for Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Analysis
GB/T 5195.14-2017 Fluorspar--Determination of magnesium content--Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
GB/T 6730.54-2004 Iron ores—Determination of lead content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.14-2017 Iron ores - Determination of calcium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.56-2019 Iron ores—Determination of aluminum content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.55-2004 Iron ores—Determination of tin content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB 9723-1988 General rules for chemical reagent flame atomic absorption spectrometry
GB/T 6730.52-2018 Iron ores—Determination of cobalt content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.57-2004 Iron ores - Determination of chromium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
SPC GB/T 6730.55-2019 Iron ores -- Determination of tin content -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method (TEXT OF DOCUMENT IS IN CHINESE)
GB/T 6730.53-2004 Iron ores—Determination of zinc content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.56-2004 Iron ores—Determination of aluminum content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.75-2017 Iron ores - Determination of sodium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.59-2017 Iron ores--Determination of manganese content--Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 14949.2-2021 Manganese ores—Determination of nickel content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.49-2017 Iron ores - Determination of potassium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 9723-1988 Chemical reagent-General rules for flame atomic absorption spectrometry
GB/T 23768-2009 Inorganic chemicals for industrial use - General rules for flame atomic absorption spectrometry
GB/T 10724-1989 Chemical reagent; General rules for the flameless(gra-phite furnace) atomic absorption spectrometry
GB 10724-1989 General rules for chemical reagent flameless (graphite furnace) atomic absorption spectrometry
GB/T 6730.74-2017 Iron ores--Determination of magnesium content--Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.58-2017 Iron ores--Determination of vanadium content--Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.60-2022 Iron ores—Determination of nickel content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GB/T 6730.52-2004 Iron ores—Determination of cobalt content—Flame atomic absorption spectrometric methnod
GB/T 6730.60-2005 Iron ores - Determination of nickel content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Professional Standard - Hygiene

WS/T 44-1996 Urine.Determination of nickel.Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 38-1996 Blood.Determination of chromium.Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 34-1996 Blood - Determination of cadmium - Graphite atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 37-1996 Urine - Determination of chromium - Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 32-1996 Urine - Determination of cadmium - Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 45-1996 Blood - Determination of nickel - Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 46-1996 Urine―Determination of beryllium―Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometriy
WS/T 18-1996 Urine—Determination of lead—Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
WS/T 20-1996 Blood—Determination of lead—Graphite furnace ?atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 93-1996 Serum - Determination of copper - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry method
WS/T 31-1996 Urine - Determination of cadmium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
WS/T 95-1996 Urine - Determination of zinc - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Professional Standard - Non-ferrous Metal

YS/T 536.4-2009 Methods for chemical analysis of bismuth - Determination of silver content - Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method

Occupational Health Standard of the People's Republic of China

GBZ/T 314-2018 Determination of nickel in blood— Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry method
GBZ/T 315-2018 Determination of chromium in blood— Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
GBZ/T 306-2018 Determination of chromium in urine— Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method
GBZ 303-2018 Determination of Lead in Urine Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
GBZ/T 303-2018 Determination of lead in urine——Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry method

National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China

GBZ/T 305-2018 Determination of manganese in urine — Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry method
GBZ/T 304-2018 Determination of aluminum in urine— Graphic furnace atomic absorption spectrometry method

Guangxi Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

DB45/T 1723-2018 Determination of Thallium in Urine Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
DB45/T 1724-2018 Determination of Antimony in Urine Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Shandong Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

DB37/T 4480-2021 Determination of chromium in soil—Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Anhui Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

DB34/T 1037-2009 Determination of Cadmium in Feed - Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
DB34/T 1036-2009 Determination of Lead in Feed - Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Group Standards of the People's Republic of China

T/HNNMIA 79-2023 Silver ore - Determination of silver content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
T/HNNMIA 12-2023 Manganese ore - Determination of silver content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry

Taiwan Provincial Standard of the People's Republic of China

CNS 13258-1993 Method of Test for Potassium in Industrial Waste Water (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry)
CNS 13260-1993 Method of Test for Magnesium in Industrial Waste Water (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry)
CNS 13259-1993 Method of Test for Calcium in Industrial Waste Water (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry)
CNS 13354-1994 Method of Analysis for Total Zinc in Wastes by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
CNS 13257-1993 Method of Test for Sodium in Industrial Waste Water (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry)

Professional Standard - Agriculture

NY/T 1100-2006 Determination of lead cadmium in rice -- Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Standard Association of Australia （SAA）

AS 2134.1:1988 Recommended practice for chemical analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
AS 2135:1978 Glossary of terms used in flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
AS 2134.1:1999(R2016) Recommended practice for chemical analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
AS 2134.1:1999 Recommended practice for chemical analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
AS 2411:1980 Determination of lead in venous blood (flame atomic absorption spectrometric method)

Asociación Española de Normalización (AENOR)

AENOR UNE-EN 15764:2010 Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of tin by flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS and GFAAS) after pressure digestion

Indonesia Standards

SNI 13-6180-1999 Procedure for optimization of flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)

GCC Standardization Organization

GSO ISO 11534:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of tin -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 10204:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of magnesium -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 10203:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of calcium -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 13312:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of potassium --- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 15633:2015 Iron ores -- Determination of nickel -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 13313:2014 Iron ores -- Determination of sodium -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 15634:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of chromium content -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 11533:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of cobalt -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 13310:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of zinc content -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
GSO ISO 13311:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of lead content -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Association Francaise de Normalisation

NF A20-602*NF ISO 4693:1987 Iron ores. Determination of copper content. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.
NF ISO 4693:1987 Iron ores - Determination of copper - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry method
NF EN 15764:2010 Food products - Determination of trace elements - Determination of tin by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SAAF) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (SAAFG) after digestion under pressure
NF A20-601:1984 Iron ores. Determination of calcium and/or magnesium contents. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.
NF A20-605:1984 Iron ores. Determination of aluminium content. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.
NF EN ISO 9658:2024 Steel - Determination of aluminium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
NF A08-364*NF EN ISO 9658:2024 Steel - Determination of aluminium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
NF EN 29658:1992 Steels - Determination of aluminum - Flame atomic absorption spectrometry method
T01-040:1982 Analytical spectroscopic methods. Flame emission, atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence. Vocabulary.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

ISO 11533:2009 Iron ores - Determination of cobalt - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13312:2006 Iron ores - Determination of potassium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13313:2006 Iron ores - Determination of sodium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 15633:2017 Iron ores — Determination of nickel — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10204:2017 Iron ores - Determination of magnesium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10204:2015 Iron ores - Determination of magnesium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13313:2017 Iron ores - Determination of sodium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 15633:2009 Iron ores - Determination of nickel - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10203:2006 Iron ores - Determination of calcium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13312:2017 Iron ores - Determination of potassium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10204:2006 Iron ores - Determination of magnesium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10203:2017 Iron ores - Determination of calcium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10203:2015 Iron ores - Determination of calcium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 15633:2015 Iron ores - Determination of nickel - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 4693:1986 Iron ores; Determination of copper content; Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10204:1992 Iron ores; determination of magnesium content; flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 11533:1996 Iron ores - Determination of cobalt content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13312:1997 Iron ores - Determination of potassium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13310:1997 Iron ores - Determination of zinc content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 10203:1992 Iron ores; determination of calcium content; flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13313:1997 Iron ores - Determination of sodium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 11534:1998 Iron ores - Determination of tin content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
ISO 13311:1997 Iron ores - Determination of lead content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione

UNI 10546:1996 Water intended for human consumption. Determination of silver. Flameless atomic absorption spectrometric method using a graphite furnace.
UNI 10547:1996 Water intended for human consumption. Determination of barium. Flameless atomic absorption spectrometric method using a graphite furnace.
UNI ISO 4693:1991 Iron ores. Determination of copper content. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method.
UNI 10552:1996 Water intended for human consumption. determinazione del nichel. Flameless atomic absorption spectrometric method using a graphite furnace.

Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS)

KS M ISO 6955:2011 Analytical spectroscopic methods-Flame emission,atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence-Vocabulary
KS E ISO 15633-2010(2020) Iron ores－Determination of nickel－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 15633-2020 Iron ores－Determination of nickel－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 15633:2010 Iron ores－Determination of nickel－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 11534:2022 Iron ores — Determination of tin — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 11534-2022 Iron ores — Determination of tin — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 10204:2022 Iron ores — Determination of magnesium — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 10203-2022 Iron ores — Determination of calcium — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13313-2022 Iron ores — Determination of sodium — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13313:2022 Iron ores — Determination of sodium — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 11533-2011(2016) Iron ores－Determination of cobalt－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 10203:2022 Iron ores — Determination of calcium — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 10204-2022 Iron ores — Determination of magnesium — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 10203:2007 Iron ores－Determination of calcium－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 10204:2007 Iron ores－Determination of magnesium－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 11534:2007 Iron ores－Determination of tin－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS M ISO 6955-2016(2021) Analytical spectroscopic methods－Flame emission,atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence－Vocabulary
KS M ISO 6955-2016 Analytical spectroscopic methods－Flame emission,atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence－Vocabulary
KS M ISO 6955:2016 Analytical spectroscopic methods－Flame emission,atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence－Vocabulary
KS E ISO 15634-2022 Iron ores — Determination of chromium content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 11533-2021 Iron ores — Determination of cobalt — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS D ISO 9658-2002(2022) Steel－Determination of aluminium content－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS D ISO 4693-2010 Iron ores－Determination of copper content－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E 3918-2023 Iron ores — Determination of titanium content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13312-2022 Iron ores — Determination of potassium content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 11533:2021 Iron ores — Determination of cobalt — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13310-2003(2018) Iron ores－Determination of zinc content－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13311-2003(2018) Iron ores－Determination of lead content－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS M ISO 6955-2021 Analytical spectroscopic methods－Flame emission,atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence－Vocabulary
KS E ISO 15634:2022 Iron ores — Determination of chromium content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E 3918-2018 Iron ores — Determination of titanium content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13312:2022 Iron ores — Determination of potassium content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13310-2023 Iron ores — Determination of zinc content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 13311-2023 Iron ores — Determination of lead content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 15634:2017 Iron ores－Determination of chromium content－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 12740-2021 Lead sulfide concentrates — Determination of silver and gold contents — Fire assay and flame atomic absorption spectrometric method using scorification or cupellation
KS D ISO 9658-2002(2017) Steel－Determination of aluminium content－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS D ISO 4693-2002(2007) Iron ores－Determination of copper content－Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
KS E ISO 12740:2021 Lead sulfide concentrates — Determination of silver and gold contents — Fire assay and flame atomic absorption spectrometric method using scorification or cupellation

British Standards Institution (BSI)

BS ISO 15633:2015 Iron ores. Determination of nickel. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 5418-2:2006 Iron ores. Determination of copper - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 10204:2017 Iron ores. Determination of magnesium. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
PD ISO/TR 4688-1:2017 Iron ores. Determination of aluminium. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS PD ISO/TR 4688-1:2017 Iron ores. Determination of aluminium-Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 11534:2006 Iron ores. Determination of tin. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 15633:2009 Iron ores - Determination of nickel - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 15633:2017 Iron ores. Determination of nickel. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 10203:2017 Iron ores - Determination of calcium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 10203:2006 Iron ores - Determination of calcium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 10203:2015 Iron ores. Determination of calcium. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 4688-1:2006 Iron ores - Determination of aluminium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 11533:2009 Iron ores - Determination of cobalt - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 13311:1997(2000) Iron ores — Determination of lead content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 13312:1997 Iron ores. Determination of potassium content. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 13310:1997(1999) Iron ores — Determination of zinc content — Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 11533:1996 Iron ores. Determination of cobalt content. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 9683-2:2009 Iron ores - Determination of vanadium content - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods
BS ISO 13313:1997 Iron ores. Determination of sodium content. Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BS ISO 11534:2007 Iron ores - Determination of tin - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Kingdom of Bahrain Testing and Metrology Directorate

BH GSO ISO 15633:2017 Iron ores -- Determination of nickel -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BH GSO ISO 10203:2016 Iron ores -- Determination of calcium -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BH GSO ISO 11533:2016 Iron ores -- Determination of cobalt -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
BH GSO ISO 13310:2016 Iron ores -- Determination of zinc content -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas

ABNT NBR ISO 10203:2011 Iron ores - Determination of calcium - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Danish Standards Foundation

DS 284:1988 Water quality - Chromium - Atomic absorption spectrometry in flame
DS 2211:1990 Water analysis. Determination of metals in water, sludge and sediment determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. Electrothermal atomization in graphite furnace. Special guidelines for Aluminium, Cadmium, Cobalt, chromium, Copper, mangane
DS 2210:1990 Water analysis. Determination of metals in water, sludge, and sedimend by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. Electrothermal atomization in graphite furnace. General principles and guidelines

The Directorate General of Specifications and Metrology (DGSM)

OS GSO ISO 15633:2015 Iron ores -- Determination of nickel -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
OS GSO ISO 10204:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of magnesium -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
OS GSO ISO 15634:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of chromium content -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method
OS GSO ISO 13311:2013 Iron ores -- Determination of lead content -- Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

ASTM E1613-04 Standard Test Method for Determination of Lead by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS), or Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) Techniques
ASTM E1613-12 Standard Test Method for Determination of Lead by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS), or Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) Techniques

National Standardisation Body (ASRO)

STAS SR 13367-1996 Sodium chloride. Determination of totai cadmium. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method
STAS SR 13368-1996 Sodium chloride. Determination of total lead. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method
STAS SR 13364-1996 Sodium chloride. Determination of potassium. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method

Yugoslav Association for Standardization

JUS B.G8.110-1989 Methods of chemical testing of iron ores DETERMINATION OF MAGNESIUM CONTENT Atomic absorption method
JUS B.G8.109-1989 Iron ores. Deternination of calcium cootent. Flame atomic absorpticm spectro-metric method
JUS B.G8.107-1989 Iran ores. Determination of aluminium content. Flame atomic absorption spectro-metric method

German Institute for Standardization

DIN EN 10211:1996-02 Determination of titanium in steel and iron - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method

Spanish Association for Standardization (UNE)

UNE 22137:1988 IRON ORES. DETERMINATION OF MANGANESE CONTENT. FLAME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRIC METHOD
UNE 22136:1988 IRON ORES. DETERMINATION OF ALUMINIUM CONTENT. FLAME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRIC METHOD.

Standards Norway

NS 4775:1994 Water analysis - Atomic absorption spectrometry, atomization in flame - Special guidelines for sodium and potassium

Others: In atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomizer and graphite